DISCLAIMER please read I explained in great detail and story like writing of the events mentioned in this study guide so that you will have a better understanding of what happened in history These are the lecture notes from Spring 2013 with Professor Shepperd and I got an A in the class THIS IS A GOOD BACKGROUND STUDYGUIDE TO UNDERSTAND THE EVENTS IN HISTORY THAT YOU WERE CONFUSED ABOUT IN YOUR CLASSES I am by no means telling you that this will be on your exams In the description box I listed the sections that are covered in this study guide and by sections I mean a time period in history There are smaller events and people and dates that is under the sections with greater details AMH2010 First Americans to The Civil War THE FIRST AMERICANS BERINIGA The land bridge that was connected from Russia to Alaska The first Americans crossed over to America using this land bridge HUNTERS AND GATHERERS The people are continually on a move They follow the food CLOVIS HUNTERS They were hunters that had arrows which were found in Clovis Mexico AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION Developed first in America in New Mexico The Indians didn t have to move anymore so they farmed and made villages They traded produce for meat it was a more safe community ANASAZI Old people They lived in Utah Colorado Arizona and New Mexico the four corners region Native Americans never developed the wheel Anasazi used irrigation and lived off of beans squash and corn 1250AD that s how long the Anasazi lasted a drought hit New Mexico so they couldn t water their crops They built smaller villages and fed less people CAHOKIA Mound Builders 1350AD These Indians lived in St Lewis They took over the Anasazi The Native Americans that built Cahokia were sun worshipers They built temples out of dirt they buried their dead in burrier mounts which they surrounded the dead by earthy possessions They believed afterlife the same as Egyptians The friends of the dead person were killed to keep the dead person company in the afterlife In 1400AD they suffered a drought and were forced to move INDIAN TRIBES IN 1492 ALGONQUIAN A lot of different tribes and people but they spoke the same language That s why they stayed together They were war like people The Algonquians rivals were the Iroquois IROQUOIS They were bound together by language If anyone attacked their alliance they would fight They always fought over territory They were also always in war with the Algonquians They also believed in adoption where they take someone from another tribe usually by force and take them in to their tribe IROQUOIS GUMBO When they killed the enemy warrior they would make soup out of their organs because they believed that they spirit was still in the body so they eat it to gain their power MESO AMERICAN CULTURE AZTECS They were also called Mexica They were kicked out of Mexico so they became warriors and moved into central Mexico They grew power When they took over central Mexico instead of killing them they had to send them a tribute every year TENOCHTITLAN Built of stone in middle of lake that was their city They believed that the universe was created by the sun god If he s unhappy then he will stop the rotation of sun and everything will die To keep him happy they sacrificed their tribes The way they did this was in a ceremony by taking out the heart first and put blood in alter When Spanish arrived they tried to throw off the Aztec empire INCAS The only Americans from North and South Americans from Peru Chile to Indies Mountains that could make stuff out of metal They were very wealthy because the mountains had gold But they were ruled by a royal empire The people had a civil war with the royal family DISEASE AND THE NATIVE AMERICANS The major event that caused the Native Americans downfall they didn t have live stock pigs cows hogs so there was no fleas which means no diseases for the immune system to fight When the Europeans arrived they had colds fevers and diseases That killed millions of Indians But the Europeans too syphilis from the Native Americans back to Europe EUROPE PRIOR TO 1492 BLACK DEATH The cold front killed crops and if it wasn t cold it rained a lot The Europeans couldn t grow anything so they starved and had a lack of an immune system Warriors from Magnolia and China came the many fleas in Europe killed those warriors The fleas with the farm animals were transported to Italy First a fever and then blood vessels started popping so skin turned black and there was internal bleeding 1 3 of the Europeans died in 1347 1351 Because there were fewer people which meant that there was more work to be done which led towards the Renaissance RENAISSANCE Rebirth The Europeans worked to return to a time that was great like the Roman Empire with the art One important thing invented was the printing press by the renaissance mass production of books and people learned how to read EXPANSION THE TRAVELS OF MARCO POLO He was a merchant from Italy In the late 1260s he and his father went to China for trade goods He went to China by sea EXPANSION CRUSADES In 1096 the Pope called volunteers to go to holy land to release something in Jerusalem The Christians made kingdoms in Middle East EXPANSION THE PORTUGUESE They got a head start to reach Asia by one of the rulers Prince Henry the Navigator They also wanted to help the mythical king from Muslims in Africa Compasses weren t really reliable and the ships couldn t carry many supplies They finally reached India in the late 1490s The reason why most countries couldn t do the sea exhibition was because they were trying to fix their own countries EXPANSION RENEWED NATIONS Spain was ruled by the Muslims They had a 7 year war to get their kingdom back from the Muslims Spain sent out Christopher Columbus SPANISH COLONIZATION CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS He was a sailor born around 1450 He came up with the idea to beat the Portuguese by getting to Asia first On September 1492 he set sailed from Spain with 3 ships He landed in an island in the Bahamas in 1492 He thought it was the islands on the coast of China He named the area the indies The Spanish and Portuguese go to war because of what he found The Pope said to divide the land between the two The Portuguese get the east and Spanish the west They start to explore VASCO DE BALBOA He landed in the country of Panama he was the European to see Pacific Ocean and he noticed that the land wasn t China FERDINAND MAGELLAN He sails in 1590 to see what s across the Pacific Ocean He
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