Lecture 3 Slide collective vs Selective incapacitation What you need to know Generally know about Petersilia and Tonry Generally Griset 1 very general question Other readings in depth Lecutres 1 5 Know slides especially ones with same headings Understand how crime rates affected way that justice system works today Shift from indeterminate sentencing to determinate sentencing first lecture o 1900 1970 indeterminate sentencing realm individualized treatment crime rate spiked switched over to justice model o 1970 2000 justice model explains what happened when we made that shift and why how we changed sentencing scheme which lead to huge spike in incarceration rates determinate sentencing justice model is determinate sentencing o New penology Penology Study of prisons Change how to deal with prisoners o Nothing works Pushing towards determinate model o Classical school of criminology Baccaria understand essays on crime and punishment o Understand difference between 4 Vicarious experience with punishment Vicarious experiences with punishment avoidance Experiencing friends and peers avoiding punishment Personal experience with punishment Personal experience with punishment avoidance Speeding and not getting a ticket Are normative consensus differences and conceptualization of o Two Flaws of deterrence doctrine penal sanctions Nijresearch is NOT A FLAW o Empirical research on deterrence Certainty of punishment works the best o Objective deterrence vs perceptual deterrence Objective exact level of deterrence in a particular city Clearance rate crime rate exact number of certainty Hard to get an exact measurement of certainty Perceptual deterrence Not everyone has same perception Ask individuals what they perceive consider to be level of certainty severity and swiftness of being arrest for a particular offense Shifted from objective to perceptual o Prisonization Know Walter study very well Increased turmoil for prisons Changed to determinate sentencing scheme we started collectively sentencing people Prison population became very different than before Incapacitation strategies Collective vs selective incapacitation o Collective seriousness of conviction and offenders prior record determinate sentencing structure not individualizing punishment not considering an other circumstances o Selective indeterminate sentencing structure tailoring to individual offenders If someone has no prior record and is single mom take into account and just put on probation o Know cog Behavioral therapy programs in general o Education in prison 1994 crime bill eliminated pell grants for inmates o a lot harder for people in prison to get post secondary education o collateral effects of prisons Understand human capital social capital and collective efficacy Families o Know diff between project green light and enterprise foundation reentry partnership program Know what Reentry policy counsel was Enterprise foundation Take inmates that were getting ready to be released and have an exit orientation where these people are meeting with community members and have a meet and greet o Innovative work program OPTS project RIO Measure 17 lecture 4 OPTS opportunity to succeed program o Understand what graduated sanction is Sanction can tailor to severity of offense ISP and EM Technical violations and recidivism When doing intensive supervisions programs make probability of detection of offense much higher Much more likely to get caught People say it Increases recidivism when in reality all that s really happening is just watching closer so easier to fail Increase technical violations Crime rates Find everything about early middle and late period Gangs Prizoniations Walter study Reasons for increased turmoil with prisons Hunt et al Incapacitation strategies
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