12 08 2010 AMH 2010 Final Exam Review Timeline French and Indian war or the Seven Years War 1754 1763 Pontiac s Rebellion 1763 1765 for the first time the British colonists of north America begin thinking of themselves as a distinct unified geopolitical entity 1765 Britain acts to bring peace to North America The stamp act 1765 The united states declare their independence from great Britain 1776 The articles of confederation ratified in 1777 The revolutionary war The First Great Compromise The late spring of 1787 1787 3 5ths compromise The federal constitution is ratified The US constitution ratified in 1789 Mass 1780 s slavery abolished Penn 1780 slavery abolished Connecticut 1784 1848 sa New York 1785 1841 sa Whitney created the Cotton Gin 1794 1800 huge demand for cotton 1808 1865 Domestic slave trade The Hartford Convention 1814 1815 Missouri Compromise 1819 1820 Mexican American war 1846 48 Fugitive slave act of 1850 Compromise of 1850 Kansas Nebraska Act 1854 1854 birth of the republican party 1860 Republican Abraham Lincoln is elected Secession states leaving the union 1860 September 22 1862 Lincoln issues the order and the civil war begins Feb 1861 South Carolina Mississippi Florida Georgia Alabama Louisiana and Texas had withdrawn from the union Confederate constitution ratified march 11 1861 13th amendment to the us constitution ratified December 6 1865 American Civil War 1861 1865 1870 Federal Government Census Big Questions When was the United States United Did slavery die a gradual death Did the Constitution forma more perfect union Why if the United States was really two rival imperial entities two empires did they co exist relatively peacefully nearly eighty years Why were Virginia and Mass so different What was is the United States What does it mean Info French and Indian War o Combatants American colonists great Britain and their native American allies battle France Spain and their native American allies for control of north America o Everything east of Mississippi river and most of Canada was owned by Britain o Britain won the war o Forced sense of unity and common identity on the colonists o Americans won because it made them join together Iroquois Britain o During the war they used their location to pit England and France against each other to gain lower prices o This also meant that they could arm themselves o Their position allowed them to control the northeast fur trade as well as the movement of goods between the French and British Colonies o Got a vast new territory o Civil war was a real possibility because the British colonists and French colonies were former enemies and now are expected to live together peacefully o Financial problems cost of global war combined with cost of administering vast new territory Pontiac s Rebellion 1763 o A lot of people nervous about living as English subjects so these people ban together and attack the British o Attack 9 of the 12 newly gained forts shows British this huge new territory this will be hard to control seized many of them o Colonies begin to think of themselves as on entity in 1765 o Decide they have to join because they have a shared security Colonies Unite threat o At this time Britain tries to find a way to calm things down in the new colonies so they decide to tax the colonies stamp tax etc o This taxation causes the convening of the continental congress John Adams persuaded them to take up the issue of independence then the repeal of the stamp act Declaration of Independence o Thomas Jefferson wrote it o Constitution or fundamental law invented entirely by Americans written constitution was an idea created by Americans the idea of constitutions in general were invented by Americans o Articles of confed power lied in the states but with the const the power lied in the people o The responsibility for protecting everyone goes to the United States central gov o Decided they need a bicameral legislature one house rep ing pop and one just reping states The First Great Compromise o Sectionalism a division of the united states of the north and south talks about the time leading up to the civil war o How do you apportion representatives o Bigger states pay more taxes so more rep b c big states have larger economies ones dependent on slaves and all these states are in the south Slaves South o These southern states also wanted their slaves counted which would give them more representation in response to this we got the 3 5 compromise Article 1 section 2 of the US constitution o Virginia had bad credit and so did all other states so Hamilton wanted to consolidate so in return for this they put the capital in Virginia o Wanted George Washington at constitution convention only one everyone admired and adored so it gave the process legitimacy very very powerful o Made laws like children born to slaves are not slaves so that slave owners can keep them but their children were free o Gradual end to slavery over a generation or two o Article 1 section 9 what the legislative branch cannot do o Congress cannot make any laws prohibiting slave trade until 1808 o Southern states can include 3 5ths of their enslaved population when apportioning representatives and taxes good for big states because they will be very well represented in congress bad for small states because they don t have slaves and already have a small pop o Slave populations Massachusetts Virginia 1770 4 754 1790 0 1810 0 1770 187 600 1790 292 627 1810 392 518 o Cotton was very costly to produce long staple cotton only grows in mild climates along the seaboard and isn t very labor intensive Short staple cotton is very labor intensive but can grow in inland o Since the British gained many new territories that were warm they needed cooler textiles o By 1800 there was a huge new demand for cotton o Eli Whitney created the Cotton Gin in 1794 o This made it economical to grow short staple cotton Now the seeds could be readily separated from the fibers and the cotton could be bailed and exported to textile mills o The explosive growth of slavery after 1800 was due to 1 Technology 2 Demographics Between 1770 and 1800 slave population of Virginia and Maryland grows by two thirds Because tobacco production dropped many plantations had too many slaves and not enough work Virginia most important supplier of slaves to the deep south What were the two changes that caused Slavery to grow o 1 Technological change Cotton gin Demand for cotton o 2 Demography population growth
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