Exam 3 Exam 3 Notes 11 5 Florida Revolution Statehood 11 09 2012 Florida was a Spanish colony from 1764 1783 The Spanish give the colony to the British Florida went from St Augustine to the Mississippi river British have a huge tract of land with no one in it British decide that Florida is too big to be governed as one divided at the Appalachee river and called east west Florida If slaves could make it to Spanish Florida they were free one of the reasons Britain wanted Florida so they could follow slaves Florida promised economic benefits for the British British have the same problem with Florida that they did with Canada Andrew Turnbull A lot of British settlers would not go to Florida Scottish Dr looked at maps of the world saw that Florida was the same location on the map from the equator as the Mediterranean Same as Italy Greece etc same crops must be able to be grown there citrus fruits Turnbull founds New Smyrna Plantation no slaves paid labor goes to islands in the Mediterranean and recruits settlers realize it isn t the same as Greece or Italy Brought 300 families they stay for a few years and then abandon New Smyrna to St Augustine Yellow fever was a big problem in Florida Florida After the Revolution Florida becomes home to people who flee the northern colonies 17 000 people in 1780 The British hold onto Florida through the American revolution The Second Spanish Period Spanish fought the British because they were mad about it being taken from them and fought in Pensacola Spanish join the revolutionary war on the side of the Americans not to help but to use the war to get Florida back Spanish force seize mobile Alabama and then march to Pensacola and wait until may of 1781 a British soldier dropped a match into a pile of gunpowder and the fort collapsed and the Spanish charged through in may of 1781 and took Pensacola The Spanish get Florida back in 1783 The Spanish realize that the Americans want to expand The Spanish decide to put a militia in Florida so that if Florida was attacked they could defend Florida The Spanish open Florida up for immigration American citizens can come to Florida and will be given land can bring slaves do not have to be Catholic but they will have to defend Florida if it is attacked by America Florida is a drain on Spanish treasury Spain is not a very wealthy country at this time Spain wants to get rid of Florida Andrew Jackson The Indian tribes never called themselves the Seminoles the Spanish gave them all the collective name that translates loosely into wild men The Indians living around Tallahassee raided into Georgia and took cattle and crops from Americans The Indians raiding caused such a problem that the settlers in Georgia asked for military help Jackson fixes that problem and moves into St Marks Jackson takes the Spanish fort and makes all soldiers prisoners Jackson hangs the British agents that were giving the Seminoles guns and then marches back to Georgia like everything is okay The Indians sign a treaty with the US and are put on land in south Florida and are told if they stay there and don t cause any trouble they will be left to live in peace The Spanish sell the US Florida for 5 million Jackson is forced to resign from the army but you will become the first governor of Florida Jackson stayed in Florida for 3 months and then left but he decided that there were going to be two capitols of Florida Pensacola St Augustine Tallahassee was established in 1823 and became the capital in 1824 Indian Removal Act Dade s Massacre Jackson has congress pass the Indian removal act delegation was sent down to Florida to meet with the Seminoles we know about the other treaty but were moving you to Oklahoma They were given three years in 1835 they were told to move to Oklahoma Soldiers were sent down to Florida to round the Seminoles up and prepare them to move to Oklahoma American soldiers marching into Seminole territory only 3 US Soldiers escaped alive 136 soldiers died Chief Osceola led Dade s Massacre was not a chief he was a war leader real name was Billy Powell born to an English father and creek Indian mother membership was passed down by mother name means black drink drink before fight to empty stomach o Osceola leads the Seminoles in the Second Seminole War lasts from 1835 to 1842 o Osceola and some of the other Seminoles were told they could negotiate with the US and captured under a flag of truce and Osceola was taken to the fort in St Augustine o Osceola died in January of 1838 the doctor that tended to him and cut off Osceola s head and embalmed it o Head disappeared 11 7 Compromise of 1850 Southwestern US after the war with Mexico all southwest is taken by the US at the conclusion of the war David Wilmot Slave State Problems in 1850 California argument in the US in 1840s hot topic should slavery extend into the territories argument small farmers cant succeed against big slave plantations new territory brings up the questions about slavery Wilmot was not an abolitionist but he believed that slavery shouldn t be in the new territories Wilmont s Proviso Attached a proviso onto a spending bill it said slavery will not be extended into the territories It doesn t pass Lincoln and Wilmont had similar views didn t think slavery could be abolished either but slavery shouldn t extend into the territories Free Soil Party 3rd party started ran on Wilmont s proviso have to support the small farmers in the new territories Whig party win in 1848 President Zachary Taylor came in office and immediately had to deal with problems in California California Gold Rush 1849 80 000 people go to California to mine gold workers putting up a lumber mill found gold in Sacramento California is ready to become a state hold a constitutional convention sent to Congress for approval so they can become a state California wants to come in as a free state all hell breaks loose By 1850 the free states are about to outnumber the slave states and the slave states fear they will abolish slavery in 1850 equal number of senators in the senate for free and for slave state South is freaking out because California is going to be a free state south wants to stop California from becoming a state at any cost Congress now needs to deal with California Congressmen meet and everyone is fighting violent time in Congress Southerners think President Taylor will side with them because he owns slaves Taylor surprises them and says both California and New Mexico should be free South is
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