History Spain in the New World Christopher Columbus 09 05 2012 o Sail west and reach Indies faster than sailing around Africa o 1492 king and queen of Spain gave him money and 3 ships o October of 1492 Columbus s sailors spot island of Bahama s Named island San Salvador o Discovered island off coast of China Began searching for gold and silver No luck Made 3 more voyages in attempt to find China Portugal and Spain go to War o War because of China o Pope divides New World West of the line belongs to Spain East of the line including India and Africa belongs to Portugal Ferdinand Magellan o Spain begins colonizing islands in search of China o In 1519 king of Spain gave 5 ships to Magellan to find China o Magellan and his crew were first Europeans to sail across o Magellan was shot in the Philipean with an arrow and died o Spanish were upset when Magellan s crew gets back and they pacific ocean didn t find China Thought the Pope gave them short end of stick Conquest for Wealth Hernan Cortes o Talked government of Cuba into giving him a ship to explore Mexico Had an army of 600 Burned ships when he got to Mexico so there was no turning back o Aztec s didn t know what to think of Spanish Never had seen Horses before Spanish had firearms That scared Aztec s Spanish had facial hair armor and horses o Aztec invite Spanish into Tenochtitlan Mexico City Cortes took Aztec emperor hostage and made him do what he said Aztec realized this and hit emperor in the head o Cortes destroys Tenochtitlan brick by brick Cortez turns the soldiers that helped him into slaves He gets all the gold and silver the Aztec had and Cortes and his family are rich for life Conquest for Wealth Francisco Pizarro o In 1532 he marched into Peru with 200 Spanish soldiers o Reached Incan empire when they were weak Incan emperor welcomed Pizarro Pizarro captured emperor and received 50 years worth of gold and silver to release emperor Killed emperor instead and his staff Spain goes to New World Spanish Motivations Gold and Silver Church Christianity o Document The Requirement Native Americans were given a chance to convert to Christianity before being killed It was read aloud in Spanish and Native American s couldn t understand it The Spanish in North America DeSoto and Coronado o Seven Cities of Gold Determined to find the seven cities o Coronado found an Indian named Turk Turk claimed he would show him where the gold was in Arizona Turk lied so he could get home to Arizona Coronado killed him and went to jail Coronado had a scribe with him to write down everything that happened First to find the Grand Canyon Explored all of South West In 1539 Desoto landed in Tampa Bay with 15 soldiers Turned West and camped in Tallahassee for Winter Went South East through Mississippi died and was buried in Mississippi River We know about South East Indian s because Desoto also had a Scribe to write every single thing Spanish Colonization o Encomienda System Entrustment Critics of System Missionaries Repartimiento 1549 o Spanish Soldiers received Tribute from Indians Soldiers supplied Christianity Indians provide food o Indians become Worked to Death Indians become abused o Bartalame Lascasas Priest who told King and Queen of Spain about abuse Priest could not teach Christianity when Christians were abusing Indians King and Queen formed a law which only allowed Indians to work to a certain quota Spanish had to meet quota so Indians were still overworked o Potosi Mining City Between 1550 1600 190 million pesos worth of silver and gold were shipped back to Spain History Race in the Spanish Colonies 09 05 2012 Spanish Indian Mestizo Spanish African Mulatto Spanish Mulatto Morisca African Indian Lobo Most Spanish colonies were mixed race Spanish Colonization North America Saint Augustine was founded in 1565 by Pedro Menendez o Oldest continuing city in North America o Used for a safe haven for Spanish Treasure ships o Protestant French broke away from Catholic Church and came to settle Settled in Jacksonville on Saint Johns River o Never rose above 3000 people o Built a chain of churches from Saint Augustine to Tallahassee Wanted to convert North Florida to Christianity Mexico had many Gold Mines o Spanish were very worried about keeping Mexico Safe o Juan de Onate establishes a colony in New Mexico o Indians in New Mexico are all converted to Christianity Drought occurs in New Mexico o Spanish use all the food and Indians are starving By 1680 Indians are fed up with Spanish They revolt 400 Spaniards were killed Apache begin raiding Indian villages once Spaniards are gone Indians want Spanish back for protection o Spanish rule again from 1690 1821 o By the 1500 s only 10 of the Indians in 1492 were left Died from starving being over worked disease Spanish bring in African Slaves The Columbian Exchange o Before Christopher Columbus s trip in 1492 Europe had never seen stuff from America Corn Tomatoes Potatoes Pepper Syphilis to Pacific French Explorers o Jacques Cartier New France and the Dutch West India Company Rumor North West Passage allowing Europeans to go from Atlantic Found what he believed to be North West Passage found Canada Did not try and colonize it because he knew it wasn t the North West Passage o Samuel de Champlain Found land in Canada and named in New France French Motives o Lure of Wealth Different than Spanish Find a bunch of animals with nice fur but don t know how to hunt befriend Indians Become friends with Indians so they can learn to hunt Use them for fur trapping business French gave Indians pots pans and firearms French got to know Indians and their lives French even married Indian women to get into their tribes o Missionary Indians French missionaries had a good relationship with Don t exploit Indians like Spanish did Algonquians o Indian tribe that begins killing the animals o Animals begin decreasing rapidly Indians needed to expand to new land o French are guilty for starting war among Indians Give Algonquian firearms to fight Iraquoi Iraquoi always side with English because they hate French now Algonquians always side with French French Exploration of North America French establish trading posts New Orleans was founded in 1718 to be a port o Fur being shipped down Mississippi River for French By 1760 New France had a population of 60 000 o King imported women to get married and have babies History Dutch Explorers 09 05 2012 Henry Hudson o Very vain Named Hudson River after himself o All land around Hudson
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