A Bleeding Kansas and John Brown s Raid April 12 1 Kansas had to decide whether it was a free or slave state through popular sovereignty slavery Immigrant aid society promote settlement in areas a b People moved to Kansas to vote how they felt either for or against c People from Missouri crossed border and people said they were not valid voters because they really lived in Missouri 2 Territorial Election a Pro slavery Kansas sweep election in 1854 b Pro slavery people in office begin enacting pro slavery laws c People who don t believe in slavery cannot hold public office If you are anti slavery you cant serve on a jury d President Pierce endorses all bills produced by legislature because Pierce is a doe face e Free Soil people in Kansas did not agree 3 Free Soilers vote in own legislatures a Kansas now has 2 legislatures pro and anti slavery b Anti slavery bans slavery and free blacks in Kansas 4 Kansas on verge of Civil War a Fighting breaks out in May of 1856 several hundred pro slavery men raid home town of Free Soilers b Only one death event called Sack of Lawrence c Enflames Northern opinion d Causes outbreak in violence guerilla warfare 5 Bleeding Kansas a People on both sides shoot at each other on issue of slavery b News is very widespread and provokes a lot of other violence c John Brown leads a posy that kills 5 pro slavery men on a creek and leaves d When he leaves he disappears for three years e Three years later leads another group of men on raid in the south this time 21 guys and 5 African American men where he attacks Harper Ferry Virginia goal is to seize armory take all the guns and arm the slaves f When he tries to get in the armory he is surrounded by militia with Robert E Lee g Asked to surrender Brown refuses so they attack and 17 people are killed Army kills 10 people including 2 of John Brown s sons h Brown and other 7 men are captured Brown has to stay on trial for treason and murder Found guilty on all counts and he is executed on Dec 6 1859 i Brown becomes a martyr j Gives a lot of power to Republicans 6 Senator Speech on Bleeding Kansas Bleeding Summer a Summer attacks another senator in his speech Butler b Butler s cousin Brooks beats him with a stick in the middle of a Senate c Summer left bleeding and unconscious on floor of Capitol building d In the North gives Republicans another potent symbol of the South s twisted and violent ways In the South people were ecstatic e B Dred Scott Decision 1 Dred Scott vs Sanford judgment of court on issue of slavery in territories 2 Dred Scott slave bought by master John Emerson in Missouri afterwards Emerson takes him to Illinois and then to Wisconsin and then back to St Louis 3 Dred Scott with the help of whites sues to prove he and his family are legally free bases this that they lived in free areas such as Illinois and Wisconsin 4 Ruled by Chief Justice Taney of the Supreme Court says Dred Scott is not a legal citizen of the U S because he is black the laws of Missouri determines Dred Scott s status and Congress has power to make laws for territories did not include the right to prohibit slavery in those territories 5 Claims Missouri Compromise to be unconstitutional 6 Demonstrates that the Supreme Court does not have immunity from sectional parties and politics that is consuming the land supposed to be free of personal bias 7 Decision outrages Republicans 8 For free people of color in the North are now frightened not a U S citizen have no rights 9 Minority opinion lead heavily on Republican ideas he was a citizen based on the fact that free blacks were voting a the time of the Constitution he left Missouri and lived for a period of time in free areas makes him free 10 Minority opinion wrote that Congress has to the power to legislate things in territories 11 Dred Scott gained freedom purchased by white man who freed them 12 Effectively changes political landscape provided Republicans for fresh challenges and opportunities C Rise of Abraham Lincoln and the Republicans 1 Lincoln started off as a Whig but joined Republican party after Whigs dissolved a Believes in opposition to extension of slavery b Only choice he had for a party c Believed slavery was a injustice and a great moral wrong d Believed Congress could contain spread of slavery and that plantation slavery would slowly disappear and southerners would give up slavery on their own 2 Lincoln was not a proponent of black equality a Believed blacks were human and defended idea of black humanity without questioning that whites were superior to black b He didn t think black equality was ever achievable c Believed black people do and should have natural rights d Envisions western territories as place that black people could go to get away from white prejudice e Supports free labor for all people regardless of color 3 Lincoln did not think nation could permanently endure half slave and half free nation 4 Kansas It would have to tip one way eventually a b He believed Congress would make the choice to end slavery c Illinois chose him to challenge Douglas in senate race a Pro slavery forces try to make pro slavery constitution b Free Soilers outnumbered pro slavery in Kansas c Admit Kansas as 16th slave state since they have a Constitution slavery d Douglas breaks from Democrat and supports Free Soilers makes Congress deny this bill e Kansas denied entry into union f Reconsiders position vote against slavery 6 to 1 g 1861 Kansas enters union as free state h Douglas declares independence from the South 5 Lincoln Douglas Debate a Challenged Douglas to debates that discuss freedom and Slavery b Douglas wins based on electoral laws c Debates bring attention to Lincoln to his ideas and thoughts and pushes him into national spotlight even though he didn t win election d Lincoln runs again in 1860 6 Election of 1860 a Southerners are trying to re open the slave trade despite that it was outlawed by the Constitution b America is one of few countries that still allows slavery everywhere else that is civilized has banned slavery c House of Rep cant elect Speaker of the House d Can no longer decide peacefully People come to Congress armed with guns or knives e Democrats met in Charleston for Convention denounced Douglas and demanded platform that asked for federal protection for slavery in territories Approve platform that endorses popular sovereignty People from south left convention f Remaining Democratic delegates nominated Douglas for President g Southern Democrats
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