History 2620 Exam 1 study guide Remember that ANYTHING we ve discussed in class is fair game for the multiple choice and ID questions There will be 25 multiple choice questions worth 2 points each 5 identification significance who what where when why questions worth 5 points each and 1 essay worth 25 points I Terms to know 10 Percent Plan to the union that state can come back into the union when 10 of people in a state who voted in 1860 take a loyalty oath 3 confederate states met this and they wrote new constitutions etc when the representatives from those states were not recognized and not given a seat by congress Emancipation Proclamation 13th Amendment in order to get back in these states had to agree to be done with slavery Had to ratify it Radical Republicans Members of Congress who felt that the south needed to make great change in order to be readmitted into the union Wanted to destroy the political power of slaveholders and give African American citizenship and voting rights Thaddeus Stevens ID Radical republican congressman of Pennsylvania Known for supporting 13th amendment pushing for freedman equal rights During reconstruction after civil war Driving force behind radical republicanism in congress Charles Sumner Was attacked by Preston Brooks in the infamous cane incident in the senate before the civil war He was a leader of the Radical Republicans after the Civil War Wade Davis Bill congress plan for reconstruction Raised 10 requirement to 50 In order for the state to vote you had to take an oath and swear you had never voluntarily supported the confederacy Lincoln vetoed this Created deadlock between congress and president a b c Abraham Lincoln Test Oath Andrew Johnson southerner Lincoln s VP during civil war His change to 10 plan 20 000 dollar clause If you re worth 20 000 dollars or more you have to apply directly to Johnson for a pardon first president after the Civil War President during the Reconstruction First President to be impeached His plan was forgiving the Southerners and wanted them quickly back in the Union 2 Black Codes passed by southern states and they apply to blacks Applied restrictions to freedman State laws that restrict the rights of freedman in southern states after the civil war Significant because they showed that not a lot has changed after the war in the south Freedman s Bureau set up in 1865 and supposed to last one year it was rechartered to run for another year and Johnson vetoed it He said its not fed govt job to take care of them state govt should do it But they won t help Joint Committee on Reconstruction Congress tired of Johnson making decisions on his own The committee began devising stricter requirements for readmitting southern states back into the union Six senators and nine representatives drafted the 14th Amendment and Reconstruction Acts The purpose of the committee was to set the pace of Reconstruction Most were radical Republicans Civil Rights Act 1866 Who What An Act from Congress that eliminated the Dredd Scott decision Where America When 1866 Why All people born in the U S are citizens 14 th Amendment granted citizenship to blacks Reconstruction Acts 1867 14th guaranteeing citizenships to blacks and 15th which guaranteed right to vote Placed the South under military occupation divided the former Confederate states into five military districts Increased the requirements for gaining readmission to the Union ex Confederate states had to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment and grant right to vote for all men in state constitutions Tenure of Office Act 1867 says only Senate can approve and fire members of the cabinet made to protect spy in the cabinet baits Johnson to break the law Congress says Andrew Johnson breaks this when he appoints Grant Sec of war Edwin M Stanton Impeachment Benjamin Butler to be formall removed from office Ulysses S Grant Congressional Radical Reconstruction name given to period 1867 1870 when Republican dominated Congress controlled Reconstruction era policy 15 th Amendment Granted voting rights to black males 3 Carpetbaggers unflattering name for the northerners who moved to the south after the war also known as con artists Scalawags Republican southerners who opposed secession often in small southern mountain counties Ku Klux Klan The best known of the many secret white terrorist organizations It arose in the south in 1866 and targeted freedmen and symbols of black self improvement and independence and played a role in reestablishing white supremacy by the late 1870s Redeemers Force Act 1870 One of the laws enacted by the U S Congress that ended the activities of the Ku Klux Klan in the south says its illegal to deny someone their civil rights prohibited states from discriminating against race KKK Act 1871 federal government power to prosecute violations 1871 peace time Grant sent troops to SC clan members arrested pro black and against the KKK General Amnesty Act 1872 for all former confederate soldiers and officials They were given their rights back southern states became full states with rights Liberal Republicans Organization formed in 1872 by Republicans who were not content with the political corruption and the policies of President Grant s first administration Horace Greeley liberal republican Influential journalist and founding editor of the New York Tribune newspaper Election of 1876 Dems returned to power in all ex confed states except SC FLA and LA states where there were still Fed troops Reps looking for someone untouched by Grant schemes nominated Rutherford B Hayes Dems nominated Sam J Tilden Tilden won popular votee but Hayes won electoral Rutherford B Hayes Republican governor from Ohio Significance Became president after the compromise of 1877 Samuel J Tilden Democratic candidate Former New York prosecutor who ran for president against Hayes in 1876 Famous for bringing down New York City politician William Boss Tweed on corruption charges Although he received more popular votes than Hayes in the election he fell one electoral vote shy of becoming president leaving the election outcome disputed and unresolved Democrats and Republicans reached the Compromise of 1877 and Hayes became president waving the bloody shirt Electoral Comission Act 1877 5 House Senate and SC Last three states redeemed Remove troops from the south 4 Compromise of 1877 Resolution of the disputed presidential election of 1876 that handed the victory to Republican Rutherford B Hayes over Democrat Samuel J Tilden