HIST 2620 WelchPrevious Lecture Outline I. Immigration II.Ellis Island III.Statue of Liberty IV.Restrictions on immigration V.Tenements VI.Francis Keller VII.Social Darwinism VIII.American Federation of LaborCurrent Lecture Outline I. President James Garfield II.President Chester Arthur III.President Grover Cleveland IV.President Alfred Mahan V.Populist Party VI.Panic of 1893 VII.Presidential Candidate William Bryan VIII.Presidential Candidate McKinley IX.Frank Buam (1900 – Oz)Current Lecture I. President James Garfield: reluctant president that unexpectedly wins election A.Nominator for president who spoke well, so he was elected and won unexpectedly B.Charles Guiteau: assassinated Garfield with a gun1. Guiteau was insane: he was kicked out of a cult and convinced that Garfield owed him a job, so he killed him2. Garfield dies of disease because they couldn’t remove the bullet even though it didn’t hit any vital organs3. Might have been saved by anti-septic idea developed in Europe that hadn’t reached the US C.Garfield’s assassination causes: increased nationalism, better medical technology1. Focus on developing x-rays II.President Chester Arthur: Civil Service Act (developed idea for testing to get a job)HIST 2620 Welch A.Tests had little relation to the job at hand but was an attempt to make the US more of a meritocracy (thought jobs should be less based on connections) III.President Grover Cleveland: has first sex scandals A.During election time, the Republican party used his sex scandal with a lawyer at his firm1. Cleveland was honest about his relationship, so he was honest2. Republican chant: “ma ma, where’s my pa” B.During presidency, he married a girl that he raised as his child IV.President Alfred Mahan: Apostle of Imperialism through a navy (3 elements: merchant marines, battleships, foreign bases) A.1882: negotiate establishment of Hawaii as a navy base or point of trade B.1898: Republic of Hawaii and Newland Resolution1. Hawaii taken as a territory, eventually annexed by Newland Resolution V.Populist party believed in: free coinage of silver, subtreasury, government owned transportation/communication, direct election of senators, progressive income tax A.Wanted silver because more silver discovered in the US VI.Panic of 1893: Bank failures, run on gold, high unemployment VII.Presidential candidate William Bryan (1896): Cross of Gold Speech A.Gave many speeches (interesting show of jumping off stage, etc.)1. Cross of Gold speech: focused on silver over gold VIII.Presidential candidate William McKinley (1896): had a great manager, won the election A.He was unwilling to leave his house, offered lunches on his front lawn1. Won because he was less intense than Bryan IX.Frank Baum (1900): writes the Wizard of Oz (where Dorothy’s boots are silver) A.Wizard of Oz is a satire of the debate over gold and silver1. Oz - silver ounces2. Dorothy - everyman3. Woodman - industrial worker4. Scarecrow - farmer5. Cowardly Lion - William Bryan6. Wizard - President McKinley7. Emerald City - Washington8. Yellow Brick Road - Gold
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