TEST 3 Ch 10 2 25 14 CHAPTER 10 Intelligence 23 questions Definitional issues IQ generated from intelligence Historical approaches Nuts and bolts the WISC IV Cultural bias and group differences If time Intellectual disability The learning environment Heritability IQ 0 50 Definitional issues Initial the ability to and speed at which you learn and apply e g integrate what you ve learned What is intelligence Why do we need this label or intelligence tests Abstract thinking and reasoning Capacity to acquire knowledge Problem solving abilities 1986 meeting of ecperts in area of intelligence produced several key elements 98 said composed of Example def s Whatever is valued by the culture or macrosystem Ability to think abstractly and to learn readily from experience Cluster of interrelated abilities that our society deems valuable IQ is what you do when you do not know what to do Developmental sensisitivity General assumptions of IQ score Individuals differ in IQ These differences are meaningful High IQ good low IQ bad Related questions What is the structure of IQ How do you get high score or what makes for individual differences s Additional questions Process product or both how you learn what you learn or both o Aptitude vs achievement pg 379 ability to learn SAT what you have learned psych exam range restriction How does motivation factor into IQ Stability pg 383 387 some measures of intelligence are more stable crystallized intelligence vs fluid intelligence Example intelligence task items Historical approaches pg 372 Binet defined the problem as Emphasized flexibility of what measured Binet and Simon s general mental ability Objected to use of IQ score Stepping back 1 Unified vs multifaceted and 2 hierarchiacal vs non hierarchical If IQ intelligence is Unified cannot be hierarchical must be non hierarchical If multifaceted hierarchical Charles Spearman G capacity for inferring and applying relationships drawn from experience general Factor analysis and little g factor analysis abstract reasoning power IQ pg 368 capacity Believed intelligence functions account for relative standing in school pg 382 STATISTICALLY range restriction restricts range as lower numbers drop off Factor analysis Louis Thurstone Raymond Cattell Multifaceted and hierarchical There is a g Crystallized vs fluid intelligence o Crystallized factual knowledge o Fluid novel problem solving Howard Gardner Emphasis on cognitive strategies or processes Analytical creative and practical intelligence Sternberg s Triarchic theory Multifaceted non hierarchical pg 371 372 Describes his theory as more of an art than science interpersonal intelligence The neuroscience approach pg 376 377 8 distinct intelligences with no g pg 370 Multiple Intelligences Efficiency PET scan and fMRI studies lower blood flow for higher IQ b c more efficient neurobio Speed response time studies Emotional intelligence EQ pg 374 375 Nuts and Bolts The WISC IV The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children Fourth Edition WISC IV 15 subtests and 5 summary scores i e full scale verbal comprehension perception reasoning working memory processing speed Average 100 15 pts 85 for blacks midway for Hispanics over 100 for Asians 68 of children score 85 115 96 of children score 70 130 Emphasis on profile strength Cultural Bias Culture is an umbrella term that subsumes multiple individual difference variables pg 395 Age Gender Race Ethnicity Language Sexual orientation Disability status Class status Education Religious affiliation Geographical location and Def the tendency of items on a test of intelligence to require specific cultural experience or knowledge Documented ethnic differences Nature or heritability Behavioral genetics studies pg 389 391 Nurture variabiles Flynn Effect pg 381 why Each new generation is smarter than the last have to reset the bell curve to accommodate not every genius Poverty and schooling pg 397 Language and customs Reactions to testing pg 398 399 pg 387 Intellectual disability read on own IQ 70 CHAPTER 12 EMOTIONS pg 460 486 only 13 questions Definitional issues Basic emotions and models James Lange arousal precedes emotion Cannon Bard bodily responses same time as emotion Schachter and Singer cognition influences emotion Sajonc LeDoux Lazarus cognition not influenced by emotion Closer look frearfulness Socialization of conscience Two kinds of people You have been working at a new job for a few weeks and feel like you are making a good impression One morning you come into work in a pleasant mood but notice that your workmates are on edge You sense a problem but you quickly get to work Your email chimes and you see a message from your boss Emotional responses behavioral cognitively emotionally Definitional issues Emotion Questions 1 A reaction pattern that includes a mix of bodily arousal expressive behaviors and conscious experience including thoughts and feelings pg 460 2 An expression of readiness to establish maintain or change ones relation to the environ ent on a matter of personal importance Where come from origin and triggers Positive Why have them fxn biological protection What made of biology and beyond CONTENT VALENCE How modify therapy Basic emotions diagram pg 476 AROUSAL Universal facial language pg 473 SADNESS FEAR Relationship btw feelings arousal and cognition Low High 6 including happiness fear sadness anger surprise disgust pg 475 Models pg 476 Negative James Lange physiology feeling Cannon Bard physiology and feeling Schachter Singer cognitive appraisal arousal fuels emotion cognition channels it TBF triangle Thoughts I m doomed behaviors racing heart feelings anxiety Closer look fearfulness What is the difference between anxiety and fearfulness Anxiety the anticipation of Adaptive vs debilitative Consequences of diminished fear response more pleasant to be around forthcoming negative events what if vs fear in the moment worry due to negative events The mask of sanity Hervey Cleckley The psychopath maintains superficial appearance of normal health despite a core impairment in the ability to appreciate the emotional aspects of everyday experience the surface of the psychopath shows up as equal to or better than normal and gives no hint at all of a disorder within The psychopath wears a mask of robust mental health The Low fearfulness Model Lykken 1995 Low fearfulness or emotional under reactivity callous and unemotional traits severe and stable conduct problems adult psychopathic behavior Child psychopathy the
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