Unformatted text preview:

Social DevelopmentOxytocin – chemical in brain – helps with formation of attachments/relationships“the love molecule”, “the trust hormone”The caregiver-infant relationship provides the basis for infants’ feeling of security and self-understanding in relation to othersAttachment persistsFrom parents to peersOur close friends become our attachment figuresFrom peers to romantic partnerOur partners become attachment figuresWe rely on them for comfort in times of needs, guidance, supportAttachment in adultsSecureEasy to get close to others, no worrying about abandonmentHappy, friendly, trusting relationshipsMore satisfied, committed, intimateMore responsive to partners’ needsAvoidantUncomfortable getting close, fear of intimacyMore likely to have brief sexual encountersMore likely to fantasize about others during sexEmotionally and physically distantUse work/sports/etc.. to maintain “space”Anxious/AmbivalentSeek intimacy but worry that others won’t reciprocate or stayObsession, jealousy, love at first sightEmotional ups and downsOn again, off againPreoccupied w/ own problemsCognitive DevelopmentJean Piaget (1896-1980)Believed that the driving force behind intellectual development is our biological development AND experiences with environment.Schemas/SchemesKnowledge structures that guide the child how to act on the world – “Slides are for sliding, so why don’t I slide down this little slide?”Earliest schemas are inborn reflexes (sucking, crying, grasping)Adaptation processesAssimilation – trying to incorporate new things into existing schemes – 1) child learned schema for “cow” from picture books 2) Sees moose, thinks its cow – trying to assimilateAccommodation – realize new schemeStages of Cognitive DevelopentSensorimotor period (0-2yrs)Explore world through movement and senses<6months – children do not grasp object permanenceobjects that are out of sign are also out of mind“Rouge Test” – red dot on the nose then look in mirror, will they try to rub the blemish off? Beings at 18 monthsPreoperational period (2-7yrs)Eventual understanding of the laws of conservationConservation of liquidPour liquid of equal amounts into two cupsWould take the same amount of liquid and put it in a taller skinnier glass, kids think there’s more but they don’t know whyConservation of Solid (Clay)Equal parts of clayOne piece is rolled into a snake shape and they think the skinny one has moreConservation of Number2 lines of 5 candies = same amountspread out one of the lines and that one has more candiesEgocentrismYou see what I see, you think what I think, your perspective is mine.A shift from egocentric thinking to a realization that others have their own thoughts/minds (theory of mind)3 Mountains Task – noticing perspective of scenes from different places in that scene – the child will always think each perspective is their ownAge 4 – children develop the ability to understand another’s mental state when they begin to form a theory of mindConcrete operations period (7-11yrs)Formal operations period (11yrs<)AutismEye contact at specific moments is what is lacking in most casesImitation/relating to another person, to be like you. Don’t have that impulseEarly intervention – instructor mimics child’s actions hoping the child will draw conclusions that the instructor is like themASDDescribes a range of pervasive neurodevelopmental disorders1. Qualitative impairment in social interactionSocially avoidant, indifferent and awkward2. Qualitative impairments in communication3. Restricted, repetitive, and stereotyped patterns of behavior, interests, and activitiesPrevalence = 1 per 100-150 birthsSex linked: yes (4:1 ; male:female)Not curable, treatment optionsPre-operational – kindness in terms of absolute behaviorhe gave me a cookie so he is kindbut now can think of kindness as a more complex phenomenaConcrete thinking makes possible many academic cognitive abilities and also higher levels of adaptation to social situationsFormal Operational StageAround age 12, our resoning ability expands from concrete thinking to abstract thinking.Can now use symbols and imagined realities to systematically reasonThink hypothetically and start forming scientific and ideological problem solving skillsSolving problems systematicallyPendulum taskHeavy, short string; light, short string; heavy, long string; light, long string – How will they swing on a pendulumAdolescents can judge good from evil, truth and justice, and think about things in deeper termsPsychology 9/27 – Social & Cognitive Development 18/04/2012 17:06:00← Social Development ←← Oxytocin – chemical in brain – helps with formation of attachments/relationships- “the love molecule”, “the trust hormone”←← The caregiver-infant relationship provides the basis for infants’ feeling of security and self-understanding in relation to others←← Attachment persists- From parents to peerso Our close friends become our attachment figures- From peers to romantic partnero Our partners become attachment figureso We rely on them for comfort in times of needs, guidance, support← Attachment in adults- Secureo Easy to get close to others, no worrying about abandonmento Happy, friendly, trusting relationshipso More satisfied, committed, intimateo More responsive to partners’ needs- Avoidanto Uncomfortable getting close, fear of intimacyo More likely to have brief sexual encounterso More likely to fantasize about others during sexo Emotionally and physically distanto Use work/sports/etc.. to maintain “space”- Anxious/Ambivalento Seek intimacy but worry that others won’t reciprocate or stayo Obsession, jealousy, love at first sighto Emotional ups and downso On again, off againo Preoccupied w/ own problems←← Cognitive Development ←← Jean Piaget (1896-1980)- Believed that the driving force behind intellectual development is our biological development AND experiences with environment. - Schemas/Schemeso Knowledge structures that guide the child how to act on the world – “Slides are for sliding, so why don’t I slide down this little slide?” Earliest schemas are inborn reflexes (sucking, crying, grasping)- Adaptation processeso Assimilation – trying to incorporate new things into existing schemes – 1) child learned schema for “cow” from picture books 2) Sees moose, thinks its cow – trying to assimilateo Accommodation – realize new scheme- Stages of


View Full Document

NU PSYC 1101 - Social Development

Documents in this Course
Memory

Memory

3 pages

Exam 2

Exam 2

9 pages

Memory

Memory

6 pages

TEST 2

TEST 2

15 pages

Test 1

Test 1

8 pages

LANGUAGE

LANGUAGE

19 pages

Cocaine

Cocaine

4 pages

TEST 4

TEST 4

14 pages

TEST 3

TEST 3

8 pages

Load more
Download Social Development
Our administrator received your request to download this document. We will send you the file to your email shortly.
Loading Unlocking...
Login

Join to view Social Development and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or
We will never post anything without your permission.
Don't have an account?
Sign Up

Join to view Social Development 2 2 and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or

By creating an account you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms Of Use

Already a member?