CocaineComes from the coca shrub of South AmericaBlocks the reuptake of dopamineBlocks the reuptake of norepinephrineSerotonin release causes mood elevation15-30 minutes after administrationcrash of irritability and depressioncases of depression after long term useoften mixed with alcoholthey have opposite effect so when one does cocaine while drunk they feel less drunkliver produces cocaethaline when mixed with alcohol and this send it up to the brain and creates the same cocaine effect just more drastictolerance – the need of more and more of the drug to achieve the same effectkills off dopamine receptors on the nerve cells after long term use – user’s brain is desensitized – they need more cocaine to produce more dopamineneed cocaine to just feel normalMDMA (Ecstasy)Acts to increase dopamine and norepinephrineReleases serotonin and blocks its reuptakevisual/auditory hallucinationsheightened sensitivity and sociabilityoxytocin release – “cuddle chemical” – hormone releasedwhen you see your loved one come off the planeorgasmchild/mother attachmenttrust experiencesstimulant and milk hallucinogen which leads to emotional elevation and feeling of connectednessrisk of dehydration (too thirsty), hyperthermia (too hot), hypoatremia (not enough sodium because water washes it out) and increased risk of damage to serotonin-producing neuronsHallucinogensAlters sensory perception, producing peculiar experiences and hallucinationsLSD, PCP, psilocybin, mescalineAct on serotonin receptors as an agonistDOES NOT increase dopamine levels directlyNot addictivePsilocybin mimics serotonin in the synapse because the shape is very similarMarijuanaLeaves and flowers of hemp plantActive chemical in marijuana is called THCTHC is known as a cannabinoid2-AG & Anandamide – endogenous cannabinoids – they’re already there – types of receptors in the brainAnandamide - appetite stimulation and decreased pain sensitivityPartly responsible for our anti-stress reactionTHC disrupts neurotransmitters, activates almost all neurotransmitter systemsIncrease glutamineIncreases endorphinsInhibits GABAIncreases dopamine & norepinephrine10/18 Drugs 18/04/2012 17:03:00← Cocaine- Comes from the coca shrub of South America- Blocks the reuptake of dopamine- Blocks the reuptake of norepinephrine- Serotonin release causes mood elevation- 15-30 minutes after administrationo crash of irritability and depressiono cases of depression after long term use- often mixed with alcoholo they have opposite effect so when one does cocaine while drunk they feel less drunko liver produces cocaethaline when mixed with alcohol and this send it up to the brain and creates the same cocaine effect just more drastic- tolerance – the need of more and more of the drug to achieve the same effecto kills off dopamine receptors on the nerve cells after long term use – user’s brain is desensitized – they need more cocaine to produce more dopamine need cocaine to just feel normalMDMA (Ecstasy)- Acts to increase dopamine and norepinephrine- Releases serotonin and blocks its reuptake- visual/auditory hallucinations- heightened sensitivity and sociability- oxytocin release – “cuddle chemical” – hormone releasedo when you see your loved one come off the planeo orgasmo child/mother attachmento trust experiences- stimulant and milk hallucinogen which leads to emotional elevation and feeling of connectedness- risk of dehydration (too thirsty), hyperthermia (too hot), hypoatremia (not enough sodium because water washes it out) and increased risk of damage to serotonin-producing neurons←← Hallucinogens- Alters sensory perception, producing peculiar experiences and hallucinations- LSD, PCP, psilocybin, mescaline- Act on serotonin receptors as an agonist- DOES NOT increase dopamine levels directlyo Not addictive- Psilocybin mimics serotonin in the synapse because the shape is very similar←← Marijuana- Leaves and flowers of hemp plant- Active chemical in marijuana is called THC- THC is known as a cannabinoido 2-AG & Anandamide – endogenous cannabinoids – they’re already there – types of receptors in the brain Anandamide - appetite stimulation and decreased pain sensitivity Partly responsible for our anti-stress reaction- THC disrupts neurotransmitters, activates almost all neurotransmitter systemso Increase glutamineo Increases endorphinso Inhibits GABAo Increases dopamine & norepinephrine18/04/2012 17:03:00←18/04/2012
View Full Document
Unlocking...