FDNS 4600 1st Edition Lecture 41Outline of Past Lecture I. Nonnutritive SweetenersII. Types on NNSIII. Nutritive and NNS Use During PregnancyIV. 4 Beverages and Metabolic OutcomesOutline of Current LectureI. The IssueII. Food allergyIII. Food Allergy PrevalenceIV. DiagnosisV. Food Allergy ManagementCurrent LectureI. The Issuea. Separating kids in the schooli. Opinions1. It is out of the child’s control2. Policy is necessary as the alternative is home school3. However, if the child is in a peanut free environment how will theymanage to deal with the allergy outside of the school4. Focus mostly on peanuts but maybe not all allergies5. Misconceptions- hand sanitizer does not protect against II. Food allergya. Adverse health effect arising from a specific immune response to a food allergeni. Usually reacts to protein strandsb. 8 accounts for 90% of allergiesc. Must occur reproducibly upon exposure to food allergend. Anaphylaxis Shocki. Very hard for the body to recover from so people with allergies usually carry an Eppi-penii. Symptoms are vast and can be fatalThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.1. Usually involve the respiratory and cardiovascular systemse. What it is not:i. Food intolerance1. Lactose- intolerance is a lack of an enzyme needed. Your not allergic to milk.2. Celiac disease: autoimmune disorder not an allergy to wheat, barley, ryeii. Dislike of certain foodsf. Preventioni. New possibilities1. Feeding peanuts to infants significantly decreased the risk of the child being allergic later on in life.III. Food Allergy Prevalencea. Difficult to describe b. More than 170 foods identified as allergenicc. Some individuals outgrow or develop allergies later on in lifed. US Food Allergy Prevalencei. Adults: 3-4% have allergies1. Most common: shellfishii. Children: 5%1. Most common: milke. Why is it increasing- theoriesi. Increased awareness and diagnosisii. Hygiene hypothesis1. Too clean of an environment2. Family size inversely associate with allergic diseaseiii. Vitamin D hypothesis1. Maternal vitamin D IV. Diagnosisa. National guidelinesi. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease1. Best Practice Clinical guidelines2. Guidelines for when to suspect food allergy, diagnosis a food allergy, and how to manage the allergyii. Diagnosis requires multiple indicators1. Medical History, physical exam, skin prick test, allergen-specific serum igE test, and oral food challenges2. Skin prick test has limitation as it may have a false-positivea. Also may be allergic on skin but ok to eatiii. Oral food challenge1. Gold standard- double-blind, placebo controlled2. Limitations:a. May not be covered by insuranceb. Timec. Risk d. Feari. Psychosomatic reaction- thinking you’ll have a reaction so you doV. Food Allergy Managementa. Strict avoidancei. Definitely don’t eatii. Probably don’t touchiii. Unlikely that breathing it in will have affectsb. Definitely do not eati. NIAID recommends food allergic individuals avoid ingesting their allergenii. Require labelingiii. Policy has helped protect consumers1. US Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Acta. Requires identification of “Big 8”c. Probably don’t touchi. NIAID: no specific recommendationii. Skin reactions in some peopled. Unlikely that breathing it in will have affectsi. NIAID: no specific recommendationii. Not well understoodiii. Study1. Showed that there were no inhalation reaction2. 10 individuals showed skin reactioniv. Possible1. Self report2. Possible link to
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