PSYCH 322 1st Edition Lecture 28Outline of Last Lecture I.Problem SolvingII.What is a problem?III.Problem solving tasksOutline of Current LectureI.Insight in Problem-SolvingII.Obstacles to Problem-SolvingIII.Information Processing ApproachCurrent LectureI. Insight in Problem-Solvinga. Demonstration: the chain problem - You have these 4 links of chains and you want to go get it all put together to make a necklace. You have 15₡ to spend. It costs 2₡ to open alink and 3₡ to close it. How would you solve this problem?- Answer: you take apart all 3 of the links on link 1. You take one and connect chains 2 and 3 together, connect 3 and 4 together, and the last to close it all together.b. The circle problem: behaviorists wouldn’t try and study problem solving because they believe that you can’t see what he/she is doing to try and solve a problem. i. Cognitive psychologists would reply and say to have the person rate their own confidence, motivation and the level of difficulty. Cognitive psychologists are interested in what people are doing when trying to solve problems.c. Matcalfe and Wiebe (1987) demonstrated the triangle problem and the chain problem. Every 12 seconds they got warmth judgments taken, which is how closethey feel they are to finding the solution. i. They discovered that insight problems seemed to be solved suddenly. Where noninsight problems were solved gradually.ii. Things that can help when you feel stuck are to just walk away and take a little time off. When you try and plow through something, anxiety factors in.These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.II. Obstacles to Problem Solvinga. Functional Fixedness: restricting use of an object to its familiar functions. We tend to assume that we should use objects for their intended usei. Candle problem: you are given 3 candle sticks, a box of matches, and thumb tacks. You want to get all the candles pined to the board without any wax dripping on the floor. The answer is that instead of using the matchbox for its intended purpose; use it as a wax drip container.III. Information processing approacha. Tower of Hanoii. You have to do something that counters the goal
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