PSYCH 233 1st Edition Lecture 19Outline of Last Lecture I.Tip of the tongue phenomenonII.Flash bulb memoriesIII.False memoriesIV.Exam prepOutline of Current LectureI.Language II.Imagery Current LectureToday in lecture we overviewed the next 3 units we will be covering for the next exam.I. Languagea. Acquiring language- language is a steady stream of information that we pull apart to understand.i. Language comprehension precedes language production.b. We will look at why it is so easy for kids to acquire a second language versus a 20 year old who has prior skills and knowledgec. Articulatory phonetics- how do we produce sound with the different movements of our mouth and tongue compared to other animalsi. What are scientists saying about chimpanzees capabilitiesd. Animal language is more communication and cross species communicationi. Does a dog understand the language of hearing “treat” or is that word just symbolic of information he has acquired.e. Phonetics- some sounds may be pronounced similarly i. Language errors- mistakes and misunderstandings. How does that happen?f. Language theories to explain acquisitioni. A behaviorist believes that we learn it by producing involuntary behavior thoughreinforcement and punishment.1. This can’t explain everything because we very rarely correct young kids speech. For example: the kid says “put shoes on my feets” we may reply “let me see those feets!”ii. Imitation and observation- we can imitate and learn language from others.iii. Creativity of language- mental slips can explain organization, structure and functions of the brain.These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.1. Infinite generativity of language is when we can produce utterances that(1) we have never produced before or (2) no one has ever said before. a. Example: writing a book or a poem- things have never been said before.b. Learning behaviorists cannot explain the creative use of language.iv. Nature and nurture work together1. If you don’t have the blueprint or instructions to build a house it is muchharder to build.2. We have an innate disposition to decompose language into parts.a. Parts of language: rules, prefixes, suffixes, irregular verb formsWe begin by learning and figuring out these rules of language and the idea that we understand and extract thingsv. Sintax vs interactive approach to parching languageII. Imagerya. Both WM and LTM take advantage of this encoding system.i. Example; cognitive map of your houseii. Example; think back to the places you have lived throughout your life.b. Your memory of places ties to your actual sizei. Everything in your childhood neighborhood looks small.c. Our ability to take advantage of cognitive map.i. Example; you can visualize the spatial arraignment of how your room is arranged.ii. Example; giving campus directions, we move our body as if we are actually moving through the map.d. Our experience is tied to our cognitive map and time.i. The more often you visit a place, the smaller you estimate the time.e. Demonstrate how sometimes literal mental manipulations might be presented in a different orientation.i. Example; Give example of a letter [R] (mirror image) and rotate it ask if it were orientated upright is it a mirror image.f. Mentally rotation of an object- how ever far away the object is from