PSY 213 1st Edition Lecture 21 Outline of Last Lecture I Physical Changes II Adolescent Sexuality Outline of Current Lecture I Adolescent Cognition II Schools III Identity IV Families Current Lecture I Adolescent Cognition Piaget s theory entering new stage of thinking a Formal operational stage i More abstract than concrete operational thought ii Increased verbal problem solving ability iii Increased tendency to think about thought itself Reflect on thinking iv Thoughts of idealism and possibilities Very ideological Very critical think about all possibilities v More logical thought 1 Hypothetical deductive reasoning Creating a hypothesis and deducing its implications Hypothesis ad testing them out b Evaluating Piaget s theory These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute underestimating children sometimes adults can not reach this level Adolescent egocentrism Heightened self consciousness of adolescents everyone is paying attention to me Imaginary audience Adolescents belief that others are as interested in them as they themselves are Exaggerated sense of self Attention getting behavior Personal fable Involves a sense of uniqueness and invincibility Problematic will cause reckless behavior Information processing Adolescence are better at paying attention to things they do not know Executive functioning Involves higher order cognitive activities such as Really important academically Monitoring progress Decision making Critical thinking II Schools The transition to middle or junior high school a Drop in school satisfaction Top dog phenomenon Move from the top position in elementary school to The lowest position in middle or junior high school Effective schools for young adolescents Develop smaller communities that lessen impersonality of middle schools Lower student counselor ratios to 10 to 1 Involve parents and community leaders Integrate several disciplines in a flexible curriculum Boost students health and fitness with more programs Provide public health care High school Graduate with inadequate reading writing and mathematical skills High schools should discourage dropping out Service learning Form of education that promotes social responsibility and service to the community III Identity Self portrait composed of many pieces a Vocational career b Political c Religion or lack of d Relationship e Achievement intellectual f Sexuality g Cultural ethnic h Interests Erikson s view i Identity versus identity confusion i Psychosocial moratorium Gap between childhood security and adult autonomy ii Adolescents experiment with different roles and personalities iii Adolescents who cope with conflicting identities emerge with a new sense of self Ethnic identity Enduring aspect of the self that includes j Sense of membership in an ethnic group k Attitudes and feelings related to that membership Many adolescents develop a bicultural identity l Identify in some ways with their ethnic group and in other ways with the majority culture When children enter high school is when children have to face ethnic identity IV Families Parental monitoring and information management a Supervising adolescents choice of i Social settings ii Activities iii Friends iv Academic efforts b When parents engage in positive parenting practices i Adolescents are more likely to disclose information Parent adolescent conflict c Increases in early adolescence but does not reach the tumultuous proportions