PSY 213 1st Edition Lecture 22 Outline of Last Lecture I. PeersII. Culture and Adolescent DevelopmentIII. Adolescent ProblemsOutline of Current Lecture I. The Transition From Adolescence to AdulthoodII. Physical DevelopmentIII. SexualityCurrent LectureI. The Transition From Adolescence to AdulthoodBecoming an adult a. Emerging adulthood: Transition from adolescence to adulthood (18-25)i. Most people in my age are struggling with this. What do I want to do withlife? Do I want to change my major?b. Key features i. Identity exploration, especially in love and work – what do I wantii. Instability, self-focused, and feeling in-between – things are changing a lotfor many peopleiii. The age of possibilities, a time when individuals have an opportunity to transform their lives – career, school… more optionsThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.iv. Many young people are optimistic during this time in there lives. And experimental. c. Markers of becoming an adulti. Holding a full-time jobii. Economic independence – paying for everything themselves iii. Taking responsibility for oneself1. Marriage/parenthood #1 marker of adulthood in other nations2. People are more likely to get married earlier in other nations3. NOT clearly defined for all people in the world. (low SES and people in different nations)d. The transition from high school to collegei. Top-dog phenomenonii. Movement to a larger school structureiii. Increased focus on achievement and assessment as young people move into college. Competitiveness iv. Several positive features. Explore relationships, some travel II. Physical DevelopmentPhysical performance and developmenta. Peak physical performance typically occurs between 19 and 26 – in areas such as strength and endurance b. Muscle tone and strength usually begin to show signs of decline around age 30c. Swimmers and gymnasts peak in their teensd. Golfer and marathon runners peak later e. Physical changes are gradualf. Regular exercisei. Helps prevent chronic disordersii. Aerobic exercise: Sustained exercise that stimulates heart and lung activityiii. Exercise benefits both physical and mental healthiv. Helps mental healthv. Helps diseases like arthritis vi. Just as helpful as therapy!Substance abuse – rises during early adulthood vii. Alcohol - Only 20% sustain from drinking1. Binge drinking – peak in 21 – 22 then slowly decline Increases in college. Over a third fit in this category. 5 or more drinks in a row in the past week. 10 or more drinks in a row in the past week = extreme binge drinking. Extreme binge drinkers are more likely to drink and drive 10 times more likey! And twice more likely to have unprotected sex. 2. PregamingHealthg. Emerging adults have twice the mortality rate of adolescents – twice as likely to die. Boys and males are also more likely because of risk taking and reckless behavior h. Few chronic health problems - as you get older get less sick i. Increase in bad health habits – poor eating, inactivity, smoking, substance abusej. Eating and weighti. Obesity - Linked to increased risk of hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease 27%. In next 15 years almost half will be obese ii. US has highest % of overweight and obese adultsiii. Dieting - Become an obsession with many Americans 1. Although obesity is on the riseIII. SexualitySexual activity in emerging adulthooda. Patterns of heterosexual behavior:i. Males have more casual sexual partners, while females report being moreselectiveii. Age 18 60% report having sex then 25 most have.iii. Marriage happens at 28 for men, age 26 for women iv. Casual sex is more common in emerging adulthood than in young adulthoodSexual orientation and behaviorb. Heterosexual attitudes and behaviori. Americans fall into three categories:1. 1/3 twice a week or more2. 1/3 a few times a month3. 1/3 few times a year or not at allii. Married (and cohabiting) couples have sex more often than non-cohabiting couplesiii. Most Americans do not engage in kinky sexual actsiv. Adultery is the exception rather than the rulev. Men think about sex far more often than women dovi. 75% of married men 85% of married women have not cheated of their spouse vii. 17% on men 3% of women have had sex with 21 partnersc. Sources of sexual orientationi. Sexual orientation is a continuum from exclusive male–female relations toexclusive same-sex relationsii. Most likely a combination of genetic, hormonal, cognitive, and environmental