Study Guide Psychology 110 011 Exam 1 Professor Crystal McIndoo 1 Know about the three stages of prenatal development germinal period embryonic period and fetal period Hint focus on what happens in the stages Pg 7 2 What are teratogens and how is morning sickness related Pg 9 3 What does the plasticity brain matures environmental experiences principle mean for neuronal development Pg 10 happens during prenatal dev 4 What happens during adolescence Hint Two physical changes Know the hormones involved Pg 11 12 a Growth Spurt and Puberty Androgens boys and Estrogen Endocrine System 5 According to Piaget 4 stages of dev what is assimilation and what is accommodation How are they used and why a Assimilate process through which we fit new experiences into existing schema b Accommodation process through which we change or modify the schema 6 What are Piaget s stages of cognitive development and the major characteristics accomplishments and limitations of each stage Pg 21 26 a Sensorimotor object permanence b Pre operational i Conservation sensaration c Concrete Optional d Formal Operational abstract logic 7 Know Harlow s studies on rhesus monkeys and the main findings from the experiments that he conducted Pg 31 Contact comfort over nutrition 8 How do securely and insecurely attached infants react to the strange situation test Pg 33 a Secure attachmentb Insecure attachment ambivalent attachment 9 How does social learning explain gender role development Pg 40 Gender appropriate 10 What are the four goals of psychology Pg 51 strength direction and size close to1 a Describe b Predict c Explain d Control 11 What is a correlation coefficient Understand how it relates to the strength and direction of the relationship What is a positive and negative correlation Pg 57 58 a Positive same direction 12 What is reactivity Hint It has to do with naturalistic observation or field study Pg 56 13 Know what a predictive versus causal hypothesis is pg 54 14 What are the five steps and examples of the scientific method What do psychologists use to interpret the results or analyze the data Pg 53 Statistics a Define and describe b Forming a hypothesis c Choose an appropriate research strategy d Conduct the study e Analyze the data 15 Know what independent experimental manipulates dependent measures the result of manipulating independent variable and confounding variables any other variable effecting the dependent variable are and be able to identify them in an example study Pg 59 60 16 What is the difference between a population of interest and a sample Pg 61 Population would include every person you are interested in studying and sample is when you a select a portion subset of the population of interest 17 What is randomization when all peeps have an equal chance at being selected to participate in a study and what is random assignment Why are they used What is a representative sample Pg 61 18 Understand the different research methods Know the disadvantages of conducting a case study survey method correlational study experiment and field study Pg 63 know the disadvantages and advantages 19 What are the ethical guidelines for participants Who is the IRB and what is their role What about the American Psychological Association APA and what is their role Pg 63 20 What are the fundamental principles of ethical practice Hints Informed consent confidentiality and debriefing Pg 63 64 21 What is deception when is it used and when it is not allowed Pg 64 22 Know the difference between iconic memory and echoic memory Pg 74 23 What is short term memory versus long term memory How do short term and longterm memory work What kind of information does each store Pg 75 24 What are the stages of memory Hint there are three Pg 76 25 What are some short term memory aids Hint What is chunking Pg 77 78 26 Understand what procedural memory is and what declarative memory is Pg 83 27 Know the differences between semantic memories and episodic memories pg 83 28 Know the concepts of recall recognition and relearning best How are they used to measure memory Pg 85 86 29 Know what explicit past exp brought to mind and implicit lie outside of awareness memories are Pg 87 30 Who is Ebbinghaus and what did his studies find What is the curve of forgetting Pg 91 31 What is retroactive and proactive interference How do these concepts relate to forgetting Pg 94 95 32 Understand the different theories about why we forget Hints Memory decay disuse cue dependent forgetting and interference Pg 93 94 33 What is the difference between repression and suppression pg 96 98 34 Where are long term memories stored Hint The brain area Pg 100 50 multiple choice questions