HOA 106 1st Edition Lecture 2 Outline of Last Lecture II Ideas III Artistic Style IV Music Outline of Current Lecture II Baroque Styles III Ideas IV Baroque Styles in Italy and Spain V Painting Rome VI Architecture Rome VII Sculpture Rome VIII Painting Spain Current Lecture Baroque Styles Italian and Spanish Baroque Styles o Italy and Spain responses to the Roman Catholic Counter Reformation o France dominated by the absolute monarchy of King Louis XIV o The Netherlands influenced by Protestant capitalist values and scientific advances o England spirit of compromise reflecting creation of a constitutional monarchy Ideas o Paradigms o Galileo Galilei o Proves existence of the heliocentric universe using the telescope His theories displace the 2000 year old belief that the earth is the center of universe Isaac Newton Discovers laws of physics and proposes mathematical model of the universe These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute o Antoni van Leewenhoek o Rene Descartes o Proposes the body separate from the immortal soul in an examination of human emotions Capitalism are introduced into gov t Baroque Style in Italy and Spain o o o Invents the microscope expanding universe to thing invisible to naked eye The Counter Reformation A reaction to the split of the formerly unified church into roman cath and protestant Art and architecture becomes part of vast public relations program to increase number of converts to Catholicism The Council of Trent Lasted 20 years Council of Catholic officials reaffirmed traditional catholic doctrines and recommend reforms of liturgy practices and art The Inquisition Catholic church created an index Purpose was to investigate unapproved and suspicious religious actives to ban books and art and punish people by imprisonment of execution Paolo Veronese Feast in the House of Levi oil on canvas Originally titled the last supper Party scene Jesus attended Women dwarfs soldiers Painting Rome o Caravaggio Open homosexual Was a member of the homosexual household of Cardinal del Monte Style Representations of sacred personages and events in low life surrounings Exaggerated tenebroso Emotional immediacy Suggestion of momentary action Troubled personality convicted of murder but fled to rome to escape Shocking paintings painted to appeal towards a certain catholic The ones that weren t rich the poor and illiterate Embodies the messages of the preacher Philip Neri The Calling of St Matthew oil on canvas Jesus points to man he wants as a disciple Caravaggio emphasizes psychology of scene by Composition Light and Shadow Tenebroso dark tones Allows for highlight important parts of painting The Death of the Virgin oil on canvas The Musicians oil on canvas o o Young boys Artemesia Gentileschi One of the first professional female painters in an era where women were illiterate Worked in style of Caravaggio Underwent public trial when a teacher raped her She won Judith Slaying Holofernes oil on canvas Judith beheads Holofernes the enemy general He falls in love with her Judith gets him inside her tent and beheads him Ceiling Painting AnnibaleCarraci Loves of the Gods fresco Divides the ceiling into geometrical sectors framed by painting architecture in the manner of easel pictures Andrea Pozzo The Triumph of St Ignatius fresco o Ceiling defies geometric boundaries and is a model of illusionism o Each corner is devoted to one of the far corners of the world American Africa asia and Eurpoe Church dedicated to Ignatius Loyola founded Jesuit Order society of Jesus Spiritual Exercises describes the experiences of heaven and hell and the mysteries of faith as vivid physical sensations Architecture Rome o o o Church of Ill Gesu Giacomo Vignola and Giacomo della Porta Combines classical motifs and renaissance models Basilica plan with domed crossing Very plain building huge inside is beautiful Counter reformation wanted massive amounts of people to come to church San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane St Charles of the Four Fountains Francesco Borromini Built on site of four existing antique roman fountains Plan is an irregular egg trapezoidal shape Interior of dome is illusionism achieved by crosses and hexagons that diminish in size toward top to suggest illusion of greater height St Peter s Basilica Carlo Maderno Renovation of Michelangel s central planned building on the original site of the old early Christian basilica After Maderno s death Gianlorenzo Bernini continued the building and coordinated the decoration and sculpture within the church Style Added curved colonnades symbolize all encompassing arms of faith Sculpture Rome o Bernini Sculptor architect and diplomat David marble Dynamic figure New active relationship to an implied surrounding space Similar to michelangelo sdavid Unstable Church knows they are not the only game in town Meant to be seen from 360 degrees The Ecstasy of St Teresa marble Cornaro Chapel Chapel integration of sculpture architecture and painting Angel piercing her with arrow giving her an orgasm Fountain of the Four Rivers Four rivers represent the evangelical compass of the Jesuit mission across the world Painting Spain o NO STILL LIFE WITH QUINCE OR JUAN COTAN o Francisco de Zubaran o St Serapion oil on canvas Domincanpreist hung and starved to death Murdered for being a Christian saint Diego Velazquez Portait of Juan de Pareja oil on canvas Straightforward The Maids of Honor oil on canvas Includes portraits of members of the imperial court Depicts himself as an artist of high court status wearing cross of knightly order Day in the life of imperial family Posed in his studio Velazquez is in painting Mirror reflects two people in front of painting Supposed to be parents of young girl