HOA 106 1nd EditionExam # 3 Study Guide Lectures: 16 - 34Lecture 16 (March 31)20th Century: The Modernist Revolution 1900-1914- Science and Technology o 1901 Guglielmo Marconi’s first radio broadcasto 1903 Ford’s automobile o 1903 Wright Brother’s airplane flighto 1916 Physicist Einstein’s theory of relativity- Modernism o Challenges styles that precede ito Cubism and Fauvism are two ways of solving the questions of artist. - Cubism o A parallel to Einstein’s Theory of Relativity o Picasso, Les Demoiselles d’Avignon (The Young women of Avingnon) Five naked women figures put together from geometric shapes.  Very different faces.  Inspired by Cezanne, The Large Bathers – image of women surrounding wateringhole and an African sculpture, Kota Reliquary Figure – brass piece of a human shape abstracted from geometric shapes.  This simplified form became known as primitivism o Stravinsky, The Rite of Spring  Modern dance. Depicts Russian fertility rights. o Analytic Cubism  Picasso, Man with a Violin - Does not literally resemble a man with a violin. Appears as geometric shapes put together with muted, grey colors.o Synthetic Cubism  Braque, Still Life on a Table - The second phase of cubism. - Collage of mixed media. The Gillette logo can be seen. - Fauvism o Fauve = wild beast. This was coined by an art critic that did not like the styleo Henri Matisse Used bright colors for the viewers.  The Dessert or Harmony in Red - Used mainly primary colors – mostly red- A woman, possibly a maid, can be seen setting the table.  The Dance - Bright blue background. - Depicts figures holding hands and dancing in a circle. - The Impact of Cubism and Fauvism Before WWIo Futurism  Founded by Filippo Tommaso Marinetti and broke out before WWI.  Influences: cubism, photography, x-ray technology  Book - The Futurist Manifesto  Severini, Armored Train - Black figures can be seen holding guns and a green canon.  Boccioni, Unique Forms of Continuity in Space - Bronze, organic shaped figure that is gold in color. - A representation of speed.  Duchamp, Nudge Descending a Staircase - Gold, yellow, brown in color. Is meant to depict a figure moving forward. - A representation of time and space. o German Expressionism Practiced with color and concerned with evoking an emotional response.  Kirchner, Street, Dresden - Image of a crowd walking a city street. - Ghostly figures of many different colors.  Kandinsky, Improvisation - Looks like a combination of random colors, shapes, and lines. - Purpose is to represent a mood. Kandinsky believed colors signified emotions. - Book – Concerning the Spiritual in Art  Schiele, Self-Portrait with Twisted Arm - A distorted image of the artist. - Very thin – ribs are poking out. - American Art o Represented American subjects. o The Ashcan School in NYC  Emphasized regular elements of urban life.  Bellows, Stag at Sharkey’s - Image of a wrestling match. - Referee and cheering audience can be seen in the background.  Photography - Steichen, Flatiron Building, NYCo Foggy, dark image of the Flatiron building. Lecture 17-19 (April 2 – 9)20th Century Part 2: Between World Wars - History and Ideas o World War 1 – a “modern war” The Great Depression  Theories by Freud Theosophy = a religion based on history and rational principals. - Art and Architecture o Theosophy Influence  Aka the “Science Religion” Concepts of order  Brancusi, Bird in Space - Brass sculpture shaped like a feather, depiction of flight. Gold in color. Mondrian, Composition with Large Red Plane, Yellow, Black, Gray, and Blue - Simple composition of primary colors shaped like squares and rectangles. o Russian Constructivism  The art of pre-communist Russia, utopian and ideal, with futuristic and cubist roots.  Popova, Set Design for Le Cocu Magnifique - Looks like a collage. Staircases can been seen on the left and right. Small man on the left in blue. 1922 in top left corner.  Film: Aelita, Queen of Mars - A silent film of cubist shapes and forms.  Russian Constructivism was eliminated by the Communist Revolution. Political propaganda took over. - Strakhov, Emancipated Women Build Socialism! 8th March, Day of the Liberation of Womeno Black and white image of a woman, carrying a red flag. Red writing on the bottom. o Dada Expresses art as an accident, by change, and irrationally. Usually poor taste.  Duchamp, L.H.O.O.Q- Depicts the Mona Lisa with a mustache. - LHOOQ means she has a hot ass in French. Hannah Hoch, Cut with the Kitchen Knife Dada Through the Last…Epoch of Germany - Newspaper collage. “Dada” can be seen multiple times. A Photomontage. Grosz, Fit For Active Service - Similar to a comic book illustration. Depicts a skeleton being checked by a doctor. Blends social criticism and satire. o Surrealism  Expresses the unconscious mind.  A response to Freud’s theories of psychoanalysis and his novel: The Interpretation of Dreams - Libido (sex), id (human instincts), ego (manager of id), and superego (conscience).  Book: The Metamorphoses by Franz Kafka  Metaphysical Art - Chagall, I and the Village o Close-up image of two figures, a goat and human, facing each other. Very colorful. Image of village can be seen in the background. - De Chirico, Nostalgia of the Infinite o Skinny image of building and shadows of two figures. Very simple compared to Chagall.  Abstract Surrealism - Klee, Fish Magico Colorful, neon-like image of fish and flowers. Looks like a doodle.o Psychic automatism = uncontrolled expression of subconscious. - Miro, The Harlequin’s Carnival o Very similar to Klee’s. Doodle-like picture of imaginative creatures, like little toys.  Visionary Surrealism - Ernst, La Toilette de la Mariee (Dressing of the Bride)o Strange image of two naked women, with obscured faces, being dressed by two animal-like creatures. o Bride is wearing a red robe with strange texture.  Decalcomania – creates irregular texture and illusion. - Magritte, The False Mirror o Image of an eye with clouds and sky scape as an iris. - Dali, The Persistence of Memory o Image shows melted clocks, Dali portrayed as a jellyfish-like creature. o Film: Bunel and Dali, Andalusian Dog - Frida Kahlo, The Broken Columno Self-portrait of Kahlo that depicts her back injuries. A column represents her spine. Pins and needles are poking through her body. 