HOA 106 1st Edition Lecture 14Outline of Last Lecture II. Historicism - continuedIII. Realism a. Ideas i. Industrialismii. Socialism iii. Urbanism iv. Social Activism v. Literature and Documentary PhotographyIV. Paintinga. Franceb. AmericaOutline of Current Lecture V. Architecture (Realism)VI. Late 19th Century Styles (New Unit)a. Academic Realist Paintingb. Impressionism i. Monet, Renoirc. Post-Impressionism Current LectureLecture 3/17/15- Architecture o New medium of cast iron and steel from industrialization  Joseph Paxton , the Crystal Palace, London 1851 - First international industrial exposition, held in London 1851- Cast iron framework supported a curtain of glass walls, resembling a giant greenhouse. - Built in only 9 months - Burned down in 1936 These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. Gustave Eiffel, Eiffel Tower, 1889- Built for the Paris World Exhibition of 1889  John Augustus Roebling, Brooklyn Bridge, 1880- 1600 foot span suspension bridge- Steel cables hold roadway - Suspension bridges have to be thoroughly maintained. - Marriage of modern steel and historical form.  Louis Henry Sullivan, Guaranty Building, Buffalo, New York - The skyscraper is a multi story building and reflects structural form - Made possible by invention of the elevator by EG Otis- Sullivan’s belief: “form should follow function” – the appearance of a building should reflect its purpose. Late 19th Century Styles - Academic Realist Painting o Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema, Women of Amphissa, 1887  English painter whose dazzling realist style appealed to the educated upper classes. Women of Amphissa is an ancient Greek story. o John Singer Sargent, Madame X, 1884 Stylish American society portrait Strap was originally painted hanging off shoulder – that was too sexual. Sargent repainted it with strap replaced. - Impressionism o About sensation, not perception. Optical realism. Scientific parallels. o Impressionist painters were not allowed in official painting salons.  Hermann von Helmholtz, physicist- Discovered that light divided into colors via prism - Light is all seven colors and can be divided  Claude Monet, Impression Sunrise, 1872- First impressionist painting.- Spontaneous, blurred, rapid brushstroke. - Unfinished appearance, people didn’t like this. o Urban renewal in Paris  Baron Hausmann renovated the medieval city, widening streets and replacing ancient buildings with modern stores- Camille Pissaro, the Boulevard Montmartre on a Saturday Morning - Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Le Moulin de la Galette, o Subject is leisure life of urban population o Impressionists didn’t want any thinking – just wanted to make an impression. o Effects of different types of light on stationary object Monet, Rouen Cathedral Series - A gothic cathedral depicted as a painting of light.  Monet, Water Lillies Series - Huge painting - Post Impressionism o Elements of Impressionism examined by individual artistso The Nabis Believed that a painting is first a surface of colors arranged in a certain order.  Paul Serusier, The Talisman - Painted on a cigar box- Doesn’t represent anything, just colors arranged in a certain order.  Paul Gauguin, the Day of the God- He traveled in search of a pure source of artistic inspiration unpolluted by civilization. He settled in the French colony of Tahiti, where he died. - Compared with Maori visual tradition  Edouard Vuillard, the Suitor- Woman putting table cloth on table. Patterns combined in different ways.  Colonialism o Vincent Van Gogh, Self-Portrait, blue, green, yellow, white Starry Night,