Astronomy 101, Exam #3 ReviewName___________________________________________________________________No notes, No books; You can use calculatorsConstants that you may need to know:c = 3 x 108 m/s 1 AU = 1.49 ×1011 meters 1 light year = 9.46 × 1015 metersh = 6.626 x 10-34 J●s mass of Earth = 5.97 × 1024 kg mass of Sun = 1.99 x 1030 kgG = 6.67 × 10-11 m3 kg-1 s-2mass of Moon = 7.35 x 1022 kg mass of Jupiter = 1.90 x 1027 kgg = 9.8 m/s2radius of Earth = 6.38 × 106 m radius of Jupiter = 7.15 × 107 mσ = 5.67 x 10-8 W m-2 K-41 nm = 1 x 10-9 meters radius of Moon = 1.74 × 106 m 1) Assume that 239U has a half-life of 23 minutes and decays into 239Np. You initially startwith 200 grams of pure 239U. How many grams of 239U will you have in 69 minutes?A) 25 gramsB) 50 gramsC) 75 gramsD) 100 gramsE) 12.5 grams2) You find a rock that you believe to be a meteorite. You date it using the Rb87-Sr87 dating system where Rb87 decays to Sr87. You calculate its formation age and find it to be 6.5 billion years old. Which is the unlikeliest possible explanation for this age?A) The rock is from another solar system.B) The rock is from the EarthC) The age of the rock was calculated incorrectly.D) The rock lost Rb87E) The rock gained Sr873) Assume that 40K has a half-life of 1.25 x 109 years and decays into either 40Ar or 40Ca. You initially start with 1,000 grams of pure 40K. How many grams of 40K will you have in 2.5 x 109 years? A) 50 gramsB) 100 gramsC) 125 gramsD) 250 gramsE) 500 gramsAstronomy 101, Exam #3 Review4) Which is true about P- and S-waves?A) P-waves can travel through liquids while S-waves cannot travel throughliquids.B) P-waves can travel through liquids while S-waves cannot travel through solidmaterial.C) P-waves cannot travel through liquids while S-waves cannot travel throughliquids.D) P-waves cannot travel through a gas while S-waves cannot travel throughliquids.E) P-waves cannot travel through solid material while S-waves cannot travelthrough liquids.5) Who was the second man to walk on the Moon?A) Buzz AldrinB) Stan LoveC) Neil ArmstrongD) Tom JonesE) John Glenn6) The original crust of the Moon is called the Lunar …A) HighlandsB) MariaC) EstuariesD) SillesE) Eclipses7) The Earth’s magnetic field is believed to be due to the Earth …A) being located less than two astronomical units from the Sun.B) being hit by the solar windC) having a liquid, iron-nickel outer core that is rotating.D) having a Moon.E) having an olivine-rich mantle8) The Frost Line is the distance from the Sun where …A) metallic iron can first start formingB) olivine can first start formingC) halite can first start formingD) water ice can first start formingE) pyroxene can first start formingAstronomy 101, Exam #3 Review9) What is the density of the Earth? Pick the closest value.A) 1,500 kg/m3B) 3,500 kg/m3C) 5,500 kg/m3D) 7,500 kg/m3E) 9,500 kg/m310) Which gas is not considered a greenhouse gas? A) CH4 B) H2O C) O3 D) CO2 E) Ar11) The two most abundant elements in Jupiter are … A) oxygen and carbon. B) iron and hydrogen. C) nitrogen and oxygen. D) hydrogen and helium. E) iron and helium.12) What are “Hot Jupiters”?A) Jupiter-sized planets that are found very close to starsB) Jupiter-sized planets that experience many impactsC) Jupiter-sized planets that have many satellitesD) Jupiter-sized planets that have ringsE) Jupiter-sized planets that are radioactive13) Which of these objects could potentially produce the largest doppler shifts on thespectral lines of a star?A) A planet with the mass of Earth that is 10 AU from the starB) A planet with the mass of Earth that is 1 AU from the star C) A planet with the mass of Jupiter that is 0.1 AU from the star D) A planet with a mass that is ten times that of Jupiter that is 0.1 AU fromthe starE) A planet with a mass that is eleven times that of Jupiter that is 0.5 AUfrom the starAstronomy 101, Exam #3 Review14) The two most abundant elements in the Earth’s atmosphere are … A) oxygen and carbon. B) iron and hydrogen. C) nitrogen and oxygen. D) hydrogen and helium. E) iron and helium.15) How many extrasolar planets are currently known? Pick the closest value.A) 200B) 400C) 600D) 800E) 1,000 16) Put these bodies in order from lowest to highest density.Lowest density highest densityA) Moon, Earth, JupiterB) Moon, Jupiter, EarthC) Jupiter, Moon, EarthD) Jupiter, Earth, MoonE) Earth, Moon, Jupiter17) Why is it easier to see extrasolar planets from Earth in the infrared than in thevisible?A) Planets are hotter than starsB) Stars are not as bright in the infrared while planets tend to be brightest inthe infraredC) Stars do not give off light in the infraredD) Planets do not reflect visible lightE) Visible light cannot pass through the Earth’s atmosphere18) Why isn’t C14 dating used to determine the formation ages of meteorites?A) Carbon is not found in meteoritesB) The half-life of C14 is too shortC) There is too much C14 in the atmosphereD) The Sun produces too much C14 in its atmosphereE) C14 will not decay in spaceAstronomy 101, Exam #3 Review19) Which is not a difference between terrestrial planets and Jovian planets?A) Terrestrial planets are closer to the Sun than Jovian planetsB) Terrestrial planets have fewer moons than Jovian planetsC) Jovian planets have many rings while terrestrial planets do not have ringsD) Terrestrial planets have larger masses than Jovian planetsE) Jovian planets are primarily gaseous while terrestrial planets are primarilyrocky20) The hypothesized spherical cloud of comets, which may lie roughly 50,000 AUfrom the Sun, is called the …A) Kuiper BeltB) Magellanic CloudC) Oort CloudD) Main BeltE) Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram21) A stable isotope of an element …A) Decays faster than a radioactive isotope of the same elementB) Is always more massive than a radioactive isotope of the same elementC) Is always less abundant than a radioactive isotope of the same elementD) Does not decay to a daughter isotopeE) Will have a half-life that is less than an hour22) Which country has never launched a spacecraft to the Moon?A) SingaporeB) IndiaC) JapanD) United StatesE) Soviet Union23) Pangea is …A) the largest crater on the MoonB) the largest crater on EarthC)
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