Astronomy 101, Exam #3 Review Name___________________________________________________________________No notes, No books; You can use calculatorsConstants that you may need to know:c = 3 x 108 m/s 1 AU = 1.49 ×1011 meters 1 light year = 9.46 × 1015 metersh = 6.626 x 10-34 J●s mass of Earth = 5.97 × 1024 kg mass of Sun = 1.99 x 1030 kg G = 6.67 × 10-11 m3 kg-1 s-2 mass of Moon = 7.36 x 1022 kg mass of Jupiter = 1.90 x 1027 kg g = 9.8 m/s2 σ = 5.67 x 10-8 W m-2 K-4 1 eV = 1.60 x 10-19 joules1 nm = 1 x 10-9 meters radius of Earth = 6.38 × 106 meters 1) Assume that 239U has a half-life of 23 minutes and decays into 239Np. You initially startwith 100 grams of pure 239U. How many grams of 239Np will you have in 46 minutes?A) 25 gramsB) 50 gramsC) 75 gramsD) 100 gramsE) 12.5 grams2) How old is the solar system currently assumed to be?A) 3.6 million years oldB) 2.8 billion years oldC) 4.6 billion years oldD) 6.2 billion years oldE) 657 million years old3) How old is the universe currently assumed to be?A) 1.7 billion years oldB) 13.7 billion years oldC) 4.6 billion years oldD) 24.2 billion years oldE) 13.4 million years oldAstronomy 101, Exam #3 Review 4) Assume that 40K has a half-life of 1.25 x 109 years and decays into either 40Ar or 40Ca. You initially start with 500 grams of pure 40K. How many grams of 40K will you have in 1.25 x 109 years? A) 250 gramsB) 500 gramsC) 125 gramsD) 100 gramsE) 50 grams5) Which is true about P- and S-waves?A) P-waves can travel through liquids while S-waves cannot travel throughliquids.B) P-waves can travel through liquids while S-waves cannot travel through solidmaterial.C) P-waves cannot travel through liquids while S-waves cannot travel throughliquids.D) P-waves cannot travel through a gas while S-waves cannot travel throughliquids.E) P-waves cannot travel through solid material while S-waves cannot travelthrough liquids.6) Who was the first man to walk on the Moon?A) Buzz AldrinB) Stan LoveC) Neil ArmstrongD) Tom JonesE) John Glenn7) A large, dark, basaltic plain on Earth's Moon that was formed by an ancient basalticflood eruption and caused by an extremely large asteroid impact is an example of a Lunar…A) HighlandB) MareC) EstuaryD) ChannelE) EclipseAstronomy 101, Exam #3 Review 8) Earth is believed to have a magnetic field because …A) it is located less than two astronomical units from the Sun.B) it is hit by the solar windC) it has a liquid, iron-nickel outer core that is rotating.D) it has a Moon.E) it has an olivine-rich mantle9) The Frost Line is the distance from the Sun where …A) metallic iron can first start formingB) olivine can first start formingC) halite can first start formingD) water ice can first start formingE) pyroxene can first start forming10) The density of a material is 3.1 g/cm3. What is the density in kg/m3?A) 3.1 x 1012 kg/m3B) 31,000 kg/m3C) 310 kg/m3D) 31 kg/m3E) 3,100 kg/m311) An object with a mass of 5 x 1018 kg has a diameter of 200 km. What is its density?A) 1.197 x 1015 kg/m3B) 1.197 x 1012 kg/m3C) 11,197 kg/m3D) 1,197 kg/m3E) 1.197 kg/m312) Which gas is considered a greenhouse gas? A) Ar B) H2 C) He D) CO2 E) KrAstronomy 101, Exam #3 Review 13) Which age is closest to the current age of the Sun calculated from the radioactive dating of elements in meteorites? A) 1 million yearsB) 5 million yearsC) 1 billion yearsD) 5 billion yearsE) 50 billion years14) The two most abundant elements in the Sun are? A) oxygen and carbon. B) iron and hydrogen. C) carbon and iron. D) hydrogen and helium. E) iron and helium.15) What are “Hot Jupiters”?A) Jupiter-sized planets that are found very close to starsB) Jupiter-sized planets that have very hot interiorsC) Jupiter-sized planets that have many satellitesD) Jupiter-sized planets that have ringsE) Jupiter-sized planets that are radioactive16) Why were the first planets that were discovered around other stars much bigger than Earth and found very close to their stars?A) These planets produce a larger gravitational force on the star than anEarth-like planet far from the starB) These planets produce a smaller gravitational force on the star than anEarth-like planet far from the starC) Earth-like planets can’t form around other starsD) Jupiter-sized planets are radioactiveE) Jupiter-sized planets have hotter surface temperatures17) The density of a material is 4,100 kg/m3. What is the density in g/cm3?A) 4.1 x 1012 g/cm3B) 1.400 g/cm3C) 4.1 x 10-3 g/cm3D) 41 g/cm3E) 4.100 g/cm3Astronomy 101, Exam #3 Review 18) An object with a mass of 1 x 1019 kg has a diameter of 200 km. What is its density?A) 2.017 kg/m3B) 1.897 x 1012 kg/m3C) 1,897 kg/m3D) 2,387 kg/m3E) 4,297 kg/m319) Density equals …A) volume/massB) mass/areaC) mass/velocityD) area/massE) mass/volume20) The Greenhouse Effect is where …A) visible light is absorbed by the atmosphere of a planetB) visible light is reflected by the atmosphere of a planet.C) visible light is absorbed by the surface of a planet and the emitted thermal radiation from the surface is absorbed and reradiated by gases in the atmosphere.D) thermal radiation is absorbed by the surface of a planet and the emitted thermalradiation from the surface is absorbed and reradiated by gases in the atmosphere.E) visible light is absorbed by the surface of a planet and the emitted gamma-rays and X-rays from the surface are absorbed and reradiated by gases in the atmosphere.21) The Greenhouse Effect …A) occurs on Venus, but not on EarthB) does not occur on Venus or EarthC) occurs on Mars, but not on EarthD) occurs on Mercury, but not on EarthE) occurs on Venus and EarthAstronomy 101, Exam #3 Review 22) The radial velocity method detects planets by …A) looking for changes in the lightcurve due to the planet passing in front of thestar.B) measuring changes in the radio emissions from the star due to the planetpassing in front of the star.C) detecting Doppler shifts in absorption lines due to the planet gravitationallypulling on the starD) measuring infrared peaks in the blackbody spectrum due to the planet passingin front of
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