Astronomy 101, Exam #1 AName___________________________________________________________________No notes, No books. You can use a calculatorc = 3 x 108 m/s 1 AU = 1.49 ×1011 meters 1 light year = 9.46 × 1015 metersh = 6.626 x 10-34 J●s mass of Earth = 5.97 × 1024 kg mass of Sun = 1.99 x 1030 kgG = 6.67 × 10-11 m3 kg-1 s-2mass of Moon = 7.35 x 1022 kg mass of Jupiter = 1.90 x 1027 kgg = 9.8 m/s2radius of Earth = 6.38 × 106 m radius of Jupiter = 7.15 × 107 mσ = 5.67 x 10-8 W m-2 K-41 nm = 1 x 10-9 meters radius of Moon = 1.74 × 106 m 1) Which of these statements is not true about the object 136199 Eris.A) Eris orbits the Sun.B) Eris has a moon called Dysnomia.C) Eris was discovered in the 1990sD) Eris is more massive than Pluto.E) Eris is now labeled as a dwarf planet.2) Which of these objects is considered a dwarf planet? A) Ganymede B) Haumea C) Mercury D) Phobos E) Io3) The fifth planet from the Sun is … A) Mars B) Jupiter C) Saturn D) Neptune E) Uranus4) The largest moon of Pluto is … A) Ceres B) CharonC) Haumea D) Makemake E) GanymedeAstronomy 101, Exam #1 A5) Which of these bodies is not considered a dwarf planet?A) PlutoB) MakemakeC) ErisD) RigelE) Ceres6) How many meters are in 10,000 kilometers? A) 1 x 104 meters B) 1 x 105 meters C) 1 x 106 meters D) 1 x 107 metersE) 1 x 108 meters7) What is the difference in the definition of a planet and a dwarf planet? A) Planets have satellites while dwarf planets don’t have satellites B) Planets orbit the Sun while dwarf planets don’t orbit the Sun. C) Planets are round while dwarf planets are not round. D) Planets have cleared the neighborhood around their orbits while dwarf planets have not.E) Planets have nuclear fusion occurring in their cores to produce energy while dwarf planets do not have nuclear fusion occurring in their cores 8) Put these items in order from largest size to smallest size:Largest SmallestA) Our Universe, Our Galaxy, Our Solar SystemB) Our Galaxy, Our Universe, Our Solar SystemC) Our Solar System, Our Galaxy, Our UniverseD) Our Galaxy, Our Solar System, Our UniverseE) Our Universe, Our Solar System, Our Galaxy9) Which of these bodies has the most elliptical orbit? A) Venus B) Jupiter. C) Saturn D) PlutoE) ErisAstronomy 101, Exam #1 A10) How many kilometers are in 10 meters? A) 1 x 104 meters B) 1 x 10-4 meters C) 1 x 10-2 meters D) 1 x 10-3 metersE) 1 x 103 meters11) Assume that each galaxy has 1 x 1011 stars. How many stars will be in 1 x 105 galaxies?A) 1 x 1055 starsB) 1 x 1015 starsC) 1 x 1016 starsD) 2 x 1015 starsE) 2 x 1016 stars12) Put these planets in order from largest diameter to smallest diameter:Largest SmallestA) Jupiter, Saturn, Mercury, EarthB) Saturn, Jupiter, Mercury, EarthC) Jupiter, Saturn, Earth, MercuryD) Jupiter, Earth, Saturn, MercuryE) Saturn, Jupiter, Mercury, Earth13) A lunar eclipse occurs during a … A) New MoonB) Full Moon C) First Quarter MoonD) Third Quarter Moon E) Waning Crescent14) Seasons on the Earth are a consequence of …A) the varying distance between the Earth and the Sun during the year. B) the varying speed of the Earth in its orbit about the Sun. C) the precession of the Earth's rotation axis. D) the tilt of the Earth's rotation axis relative to the ecliptic. E) the tilt of the Moon's orbital plane relative to the ecliptic.Astronomy 101, Exam #1 A15) Which object is not considered a star?A) The SunB) CeresC) VegaD) BetelgeuseE) Polaris16) You are standing on the Earth's equator. Which way is Polaris? A) On the northern horizon.B) Directly overheadC) 45 degrees up in the sky, due West.D) The answer depends on whether it's winter or summer.E) 45 degrees up in the sky, due East.17) How would the force of gravity between the Sun and the Earth change if the Sun's mass were increased by a factor of four and the Earth’s mass was increased by a factor of four? A) The force would be unchanged. B) The force would increase by a factor of 8. C) The force would increase by a factor of 16. D) The force would decrease by a factor of 8. E) The force would decrease by a factor of 16.18) What is the gravitational acceleration on the surface of a planet that has 8 times themass of Earth and 2 times the radius of Earth?A) 9.8 m/s2B) 4.9 m/s2C) 19.6 m/s2D) 2.45 m/s2E) 39.2 m/s219) If the Earth were moved to a distance of 3 AU from the Sun, how much stronger orweaker would be the gravitational force between the Sun and Earth? A) The force would be 3 times stronger. B) The force would be 9 times stronger. C) The force would be unchanged. D) The force would be 3 times weaker. E) The force would be 9 times weaker.Astronomy 101, Exam #1 A20) The largest tides on Earth occur during which phases of the Moon?A) first-quarter and third-quarterB) new and fullC) waning crescent and waxing crescentD) waning gibbous and waxing gibbousE) waning crescent and waxing gibbous21) A body takes 7 years to make one orbit around the Sun. What is the body’s semi-major axis?A) 4.27 AUB) 3.66 AUC) 2.89 AUD) 3.14 AUE) 4.03 AU22) Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto were discovered by …A) Tycho Brahe.B) Galileo Galilei.C) Nicolas Copernicus.D) Aristotle.E) Johannes Kepler.23) A body is 12 Astronomical Units from the Sun. What is the body’s orbital period around the Sun?A) 34.56 yearsB) 41.57 yearsC) 48.78 yearsD) 18.05 yearsE) 29.12 years24) During its orbit when a planet is at aphelion, it is …A) at its closest point to the Sun.B) at its farthest point from the Sun.C) in total shadow during an eclipse.D) in partial shadow during an eclipse.E) closest to the Moon.Astronomy 101, Exam #1 A25) An astronomical unit is a unit of …A) time.B) distance.C) energy.D) force.E) power.26) What was a flaw in Copernicus’ model of the Solar System?A) He wanted the Earth at the center.B) He wanted the Moon to be at the center.C) He did not think Mars was a planet.D) He did not think Jupiter was a planet.E) He wanted all the orbits of the planets to be perfectly circular.27) Which of these planets travels the slowest around the Sun? A) Venus B) Jupiter. C) Saturn D) Mercury E) Uranus28) Who used Tycho Brahe’s data to derive his laws of planetary motion?A) Isaac NewtonB) Galileo Galilei.C) Nicolas Copernicus.D) AristotleE) Johannes Kepler.29) The planet Jupiter never passes through which of these constellations as seen from Earth?A) AriesB) TaurusC) LeoD) Ursa MajorE) AquariusAstronomy 101, Exam #1 A30) Which of these planets has the smallest semi-major
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