Morphophonemics determining underlying forms rule interactions Kikuyu What is the underlying form of the infinitive prefix in Kikuyu Give a rule that explains the non underlying pronunciation of the prefix Odden 2005 ot ra to run to carry okoora okuua to root out koru a to cook kooria to ask kom a to know koh ta to be able o ina to burn ko eera koniina o uuka to fetch to finish to slander kohetoka koina okaya to pass to dance to cut ko aya to divide Kikuyu What is the underlying form of the infinitive prefix in Kikuyu Give a rule that explains the non underlying pronunciation of the prefix Odden 2005 ot ra to run to carry okoora okuua to root out koru a to cook kooria to ask kom a to know koh ta to be able o ina to burn ko eera koniina o uuka to fetch to finish to slander kohetoka koina okaya to pass to dance to cut ko aya to divide Look at how the stem starts with each prefix ko o h n r m i Kikuyu What is the underlying form of the infinitive prefix in Kikuyu Give a rule that explains the non underlying pronunciation of the prefix Odden 2005 ot ra to run to carry okoora okuua to root out koru a to cook kooria to ask kom a to know koh ta to be able o ina to burn ko eera koniina o uuka to fetch to finish to slander kohetoka koina okaya to pass to dance to cut ko aya to divide Look at how the stem starts with each prefix ko o h n r i o t k Kikuyu What is the underlying form of the infinitive prefix in Kikuyu Give a rule that explains the non underlying pronunciation of the prefix Odden 2005 ot ra to run to carry okoora okuua to root out koru a to cook kooria to ask kom a to know koh ta to be able o ina to burn ko eera koniina o uuka to fetch to finish to slander kohetoka koina okaya to pass to dance to cut ko aya to divide Look at how the stem starts with each prefix ko o h n r i o t k Dissimilation ko o t k cont cont cont We come to an analysis of morphophonological alternations just as we did in case of allophony by focussing on distributions the contexts within which variants occur ko o h n r i o t k Dissimilation ko o t k cont cont cont One diference is that we are analyzing phonetic variants of morphemes not patterns in unrelated phonetic forms Phonetic form varies while meaning remains constant Thus phonetically unnatural relationships may be sustained meaning holds forms together Palauan Underlying form any surface form pre s m id m da b m te b m et m m ta b k m ar m m ses b f innov d ba ll t ball t ma ll t b ka ll r mall s s ball Identify some morphemes the present middle the future tense the innovative f cons e rv d obl cover t bl pull out toml lick t bakl patch roml taste s sobl burn Palauan Underlying form any surface form pre s m id m da b m te b m et m m ta b k m ar m m ses b f innov d ba ll t ball t ma ll t b ka ll r mall s s ball f cons e rv d obl cover t bl pull out toml lick t bakl patch roml taste s sobl burn Identify some morphemes the present middle m the future tense the innovative Palauan Underlying form any surface form pre s m id m da b m te b m et m m ta b k m ar m m ses b f innov d ba ll t ball t ma ll t b ka ll r mall s s ball f cons e rv d obl cover t bl pull out toml lick t bakl patch roml taste s sobl burn Identify some morphemes the present middle m the future tense l the innovative Palauan Underlying form any surface form pre s m id m da b m te b m et m m ta b k m ar m m ses b f innov d ba ll t ball t ma ll t b ka ll r mall s s ball f cons e rv d obl cover t bl pull out toml lick t bakl patch roml taste s sobl burn Identify some morphemes the present middle m the future tense l the innovative al Palauan Underlying form any surface form m all l pre s m id f innov f cons e rv m da b d ba ll d obl cover m te b t ball t bl pull out m et m t ma ll toml lick m ta b k t b ka ll t bakl patch m ar m r mall roml taste m ses b s s ball s sobl burn What is the underlying form of cover Palauan Underlying form any surface form m all l pre s m id f innov f cons e rv m da b d ba ll d obl cover m te b t ball t bl pull out m et m t ma ll toml lick m ta b k t b ka ll t bakl patch m ar m r mall roml taste m ses b s s ball s sobl burn What is the underlying form of cover compare pres mid and f innov forms posit da b a stress assignment rule penult stress final superheavy stress plus a rule V unstressed vowel reduction stress Palauan Underlying form any surface form m all l pre s m id f innov f cons e rv m da b d ba ll d obl cover m te b t ball t bl pull out m et m t ma ll toml lick m ta b k t b ka ll t bakl patch m ar m r mall roml taste m ses b s s ball s sobl burn What is the underlying form of cover compare f innov and f conserv forms posit d ob again with the rule V stress Palauan Underlying form any surface form m all l pre s m id f innov f cons e rv unde rlying form m da b d ba ll d obl cover m te b t ball t bl pull out m et m t ma ll toml lick m ta b k t b ka ll t bakl patch m ar m r mall roml taste m ses b s s ball s sobl burn da ob te ib etom tabak arom sesob The underlying forms of these verb meanings never appear in any single surface form What are the underlying forms of these words monotone monotonic telegraph telegraphy epigraph epigraphy relative relation economy economic defect defective democrat democracy Italy Italian homonym homonymy phonetics phonetician phonology …