ARTH 103 1nd Edition Lecture 8 Outline of Last Lecture XXIII Early Christian Byzantine Art Architecture XXIV Early Christian Jewish Art Architecture Outline of Current Lecture XXV Byzantine Art Architecture XXVI Early Islamic Art Architecture Current Lecture XXV Byzantine Art Architecture Byzantine refers to ancient Constantinople modern day Istanbul Under the ruler Justinian and his wife Theodora religion and politics went hand in hand in terms of art Caeseropapism head of the state and church Hagia Sophia c 532 7 Designed and architected by Anthemius and Isidorus two bright scholars Built when Justinian was unpopular was burned down at the first attempt of building it Means Church of Holy Wisdom o Rare example of a church being named after a concept instead of a saint ie Church of Saint Peter Mathematically and visually perfect Christian Church Mosque Museum Characterized by heavy use of decoration Central Dome of Hagia Sophia One of the most complex parts of the Hagia Sophia Dome is supported by pendentives wedge shaped supports that create a seamless design making it easier to decorate 40 windows around the dome creating a heaven like effect These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute o Made the dome structurally unsound Plan and cutaway elevation of San Vitale Octagonal shape In the middle is the central dome area and around it is the ambulatory an aisle that surrounds the central dome area Different structure because most churches had one long aisle instead of a circular aisle Christ Enthroned Flanked by St Vitalis Bishop Ecclesius c 526 47 Mosaic One of the interior mosaics of San Vitale Shows Christ as the ruler of the Earth as he sits on top of a globe Emperor Justinian His Attendants c 447 mosaic Mosaic from the north wall of the apse in San Vitale Justinian is shown to be a holy figure due to the halo around his head Justinian is the only figure portrayed to be recognizable the other figures are portrayed in a generic way Iconoclast Controversy c 726 30 Iconoclast people who destroy icons because they felt that people are worshipping the images rather than what the images represented Ended the Byzantine Golden Age Caused future art to become more abstract Virgin Child with Saints Angels 2nd half of the 6th century Byzantine icons are typically painted on wood Created by using encaustic technique mixing paint with wax making a luminous effect Virgin is portrayed as Theotokos bearer of God Virgin Mary and Child are portrayed in a formulaic way they are portrayed this way in many paintings and images Anastasis from the Church of the Monastery of Christ 1310 21 Portrays Christ as a super hero due to the madorla all body halo Painting of the Day of Judgment XXVI Early Islamic Art Architecture Islam Submission to God Muslim The person submitting Muhammed is the founder of Islam and is never portrayed in any works of art Ka ba the cube inside resides the gods of pre Islamic Arabia o Muhammed came in and destroyed all the figures of gods and announced that there is only one true god Qur an the Holy Book for Muslims the script from this book is used in many forms of art Islamic art is not representational Uses a lot of decorative techniques Islamic art is defined into two periods early and late Dome of the Rock Early Period 691 Octagonal shape elaborate shrine with a rock in the middle Believed to be the site where Muhammed spoke to God First known instance that used script as decoration Everyone was taught to read so they could study the Qur an Minibar from the Kutubiya Mosque c 1125 1130 A type of seat podium that an Imam would give a sermon from o Imam a person that would lead a prayer Strapwork taking thin strips of wood and cutting them into ornate designs and then interweaving them with other thin strips of wood The Maqamat of al Hariri 1237 ink on paper Figure in black Conman Abu Sayyid This painting allowed historians gain the knowledge of what type of dress men would wear to mosques