Psych 2310 1st Edition Lecture 15 Outline of Last Lecture I. Why are people aggressive and how can we cure it?II. What is aggression?III. Group aggressionOutline of Current Lecture I. TheoriesII. What is being claimed?III. Why should we care?IV. Types of studiesV. How to improve experimentsCurrent LectureI. Theoriesa. There are about 25 years of research and it is still being debated which causes many theoriesb. Behaviorism (Skinner)= We are shaped by punishments and rewardsc. Social Learning (Bandura)= If we watch people get rewarded and punished it will shape usd. Bobo Doll= Watching someone act a certain way will cause us to be more likely toact that waye. General aggression model= Situation and person together create the outcomeThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.II. What is being claimed?a. Violent media cause aggressive, possibly violent, behaviorsb. There are other predictors of these behaviors as welli. Heatii. Low IQiii. Alcoholiv. Povertyv. Presence of gunsvi. Musicvii. Frustrationc. Effect sizei. R squared is how strong the relationship isii. This is measured 0-100 %iii. R squared is 4%iv. Should we care about something this small?1. Too small2. But we do care about other things smaller than this like second hand smokeIII. Why should we care?a. Kids spend a lot of time with digital mediab. Video games are shown to be the favorite digital media for kids 2-18c. Most popular video games are violentd. People are starting to try and make laws about thisi. In 2010 California tried to ban children from buying violent video games without a parent. This got voted down because there is little scientific evidence and it violates 1st amendment rightsIV. Types of studiesa. Correlationali. Test exposure and aggressive behavior at the same time with a surveyii. This does not prove causationb. Longitudinali. Watch subjects over timeii. Control changes due to other factorsc. Experimentali. Many different types1. Acute exposure= Do these games make the violent acts more accessible?2. Desensitization= Does it change perceptions?3. Careful testsV. How to improve experimentsa. Many tests have failed to find effectsb. This may because they have too small of a sample sizec. Effects are expected to be small so there needs to be a big sample sized. Example of his attempt to improve experimenti. Test same game except one has violence one has none. Virtually everything else is the same. He found lower effects than other experiments. (R squared was around one)e. Use meta analysis to average all the
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