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Mizzou PSYCH 2310 - Attitudes
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PSYCH 2310 1st Edition Lecture 5 Outline of Last Lecture I. What is the psychological self?II. If the self is a knowledge structure, where does the knowledge come from?III. What do we do with our self-knowledge?IV. Is our knowledge about ourselves accurate or not?V. If self-knowledge is biased which way is it biased?VI. Are self-serving biases useful or adaptive?VII. How should we feel about our self-concepts?VIII. Does it matter how we present ourselves?Outline of Current Lecture I. Are social forces or personal attitudes stronger in determining behavior?II. Attitudes don’t predict behavior wellIII. When do attitudes predict behavior?IV. Cognitive dissonanceV. What personality traits are most susceptible to the power of the situation?Current LectureI. Are social forces or personal attitudes stronger in determining behavior?a. Attitudes= Evaluative beliefs and feelings regarding objects, people, or events that predispose us to certain responses.These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best Used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.b. Which is stronger?i. Most of us want to feel like we are in control so we think attitudeii. Social forces are often stronger than we realizeII. Attitudes don’t predict behavior wella. Does everybody lie?i. This may be too strong of a statement b. Good Samaritan Studyi. There were six conditions men practicing to be priests were placed under.They were either about to go give a talk about the Good Samaritan or careers. They were also told they have 20 minutes to get there, 5 minutesto get there, or that they were going to be late.ii. When on the way to give the talk they saw a homeless man lying down onthe ground. They recorded how many of these men helped the man.iii. People were more influenced by the situational variables (time) than the awareness of their attitude variables (the topic they were going to talk about)iv. Therefore just because someone is aware of that attitude does not mean it will predict their behaviorIII. When do attitudes predict behavior?a. It depends on the behavior being predictedi. Ex: Asking someone if they support the environment vs. recycling plastic. They will be more influenced by the more specific attitude.b. When a strong social force is not presentc. When the person is self awarei. Ex: They see themselves doing the action in a mirrorIV. Cognitive dissonancea. A sense of discomfort that arises when one’s prior actions and attitudes are inconsistent. This can lead to a non conscious attitude changeb. The attitudes follow action principle may cause us to unknowingly revise our attitudes based on something mindless we just did.c. Attitude+inconcsistent act= dissonance  attitude changed. Ex: There is an average cause, we worked for free for it, there was insufficient justification for why we worked for the cause, so we change our attitude and support the causee. Areas where dissonance reduction comes into playi. Post-decisional dissonance reduction1. Ex: I picked the right school! Even though yesterday you could not decide which college you wanted to go toii. Effort justification1. Ex: Of course all the work to get my degree was worth it2. Ex: Hazing. This uses the effort justification to boost group identification. We went through all this we must really love this group to do that.f. Other examples of action first attitude follows principlei. Foot in the door phenomenon1. Ex: You are asked to put a sign in your yard for a cause. This makesyou more likely to hand out fliers for the cause. This makes you more likely to vote for the cause. This makes you more likely to be an activist for the cause. It all started with the sign.ii. Low ball sales technique1. Ex: Car dealerships will give you a lower price that is not 100% set.You agree to it. You are more likely when they change the price to agree to it still because you already accepted when it was the lower price.2. Moral=If it sounds too good to be true it probably isiii. Stockholm syndrome1. When a prisoner begins to go along with the movement of his captors.2. Moral= Beware of just going along you might end up sucked in.V. What personality traits are most susceptible to the power of the situation?a. Self monitoring traits= Someone who acts like a chameleon taking their cues from the situationb. Brainwashing techniquesi. Cut person off from pastii. Give them a powerful role to playiii. Make pretense necessary for survivaliv. Use their greed against


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