RELI 160D2 1st EditionFinal Exam Study Guide: Lecture 16 - 19Lecture 16Who wrote The Satanic Verses in 1988?Salmon RushdieWhat are the three conditions of the Jihad?1.Violence must be proportional to the attack2.Innocent civilians should not be targeted3.Jihad must be declared by the ruler of the stateWhat do the 99 beads represent?The 99 names of GodWhat does “Moors” mean in Latin?Dark complexionedWho is the Great Mahdi?Wallace D. Fard MuhammadWhat did Wallace D. Fard Muhammad call the whites?Blue Eyed DevilsWhat did Elijah Muhammad stress? What did he forbid? How did he feel about the five pillars ofIslam?He stressed black pride, self-sufficiency and strong family values.He forbade gambling, alcohol, drugs & eating pork.He did not observe the five pillars of Islam.What does the “X” in Malcolm X stand for?For being an ex-slaveLecture 17How did Wallace D. Muhammad influence the Sunnis?Before him, they never observed the five pillars of Islam. With him, they switched from temples to Mosques, and from ministers to Imams. He also began the stressed importance of equality ofmen and women.What did Louis Farrakhan call Judaism?He called it the Gutter ReligionAbout how many Muslims are in Europe?At least 15 millionIn Europe, where are the largest Muslim populations?England, France & GermanyHow did many Muslims arrive in North America?As slaves in the 1600s, from West Africa.What is the largest group of Muslims in North America?Immigrant Muslims.What kind of treatment is the Ottoman Empire a good example of?Positive treatmentLecture 18When did the Ottoman Empire collapse?End of the 19th centuryHow did Mustafa Kemal (Father of the Turks) transform society?He made the empire a secular Islamic State, and made it based on Swiss civil law. Also adopted the Gregorian calendar.True or false? When Kemal took over, most of the Turks were illiterate.True, 80% were.Is Mary mentioned in the Muslim gospel?Yes, she is mentioned more often than in the New Testament.What does Tarif Khalidi say that the Muslim gospel tries to do?It tries to fill in places that people don’t really know about Jesus.Lecture 19What are the four rules, according to Tariq Ramadan?1. Recognize legitimacy of others’ religion2. Listen to what people say about their own religion3. In the name of trust & respect, you have the right to ask all possibly questions, even difficult or embarrassing questions.4. Find out what they represent; where are they coming from?What does the Qur’an make people limit of themselves?It makes people limit their own sense of power.What did Ibn Taymiyyah say about being Muslim?If you’re muslim, and you don’t go along with what we say, then you’re no longer muslim.Ibn Taymiyyah’s ideas were taken up by Sayyid Qutb. Who did Sayyid influence?Osama Bin