RELI 160D2 1st Edition Lecture 3 Outline of Last Lecture I. Samaritansa. Mt. GerizimII. Galilee, Zealots, SanhedrinIII. Womena. Social position/roleb. Betrothalc. DowryIV. Christian Anti-SemitismOutline of Current LectureI. EnlightenmentII. Deism and ZionismIII. Geographical groupingsA. SephardicB. AshkenaziC. OrientalIV. Jewish MovementsA. OrthodoxB. ReformC. Conservative Current LectureIn 1099 - European universities established for first time ever.When they came back from being with the muslims, they had learned tons of things from them,but they become paranoid. Huge increase in anti-semitism. 4th Lateran Council - a church. Didn’t stop anti-semitism though. False accusations 1. Black plague hits, jews had ritual bathing, so they’re barely dying, but a bunch of christians are. They’re poisoning our wealth! (think the Christians). 2. The jewish doctors were accused of sorcery, the work of the devil because they could cure things christian doctors couldn’t. 3. Kidnapping and killing children.Usury - accused of this. Money for interest, but exorbitant. 14th and 15th century, tons ofstudents left europe for poland. In Western europe in 1492, the jews were driven out of spain...had to convert or get out. Moved into north Africa, Israel/Palestine, or northern Greece.1st Ghetto - In Venice, Italy. If you were a jew you had to be in the ghetto by sundown, and you couldn't leave until sun up. They cannot own land, they could only work for christians. When protestant reformation started in 1517, Luther, Calvin, etc didn’t challenge anti-semitism, that stayed the same. The enlightenment is when things really changed. Freedom, equality, fraternity. “Religion is a private matter”. It didn’t touch eastern europe for a long time, just western. Jews are now full citizens, can hold office in government. It spawned reform judaism. The prejudice did not leave. The jews are not a race, they’re a family of people within the semitic world. Race becomes the issue now, not religion.Beginning of 20th century, Zionism comes to play. “We have to move back to Palestine so we have our own place”. In Eastern Europe, Jews still under the gone, enlightenment hasn’t hit there. ZIonism was established by Theodore Herzl.Deism - enlightenment religion. God exists and created the universe, but now has nothing to do with it. Nothing is supernatural, everything has to be tested. Geographical Groupings• Sephardic - Orthodox in Spain. Very strict. Their language is a combination of hebrew and spanish. There are about 1 million. About 6 million in the united states today. • Ashkenazi - The largest group. Originally German, but then just all european jews. They developed the yiddish language, hebrew and german. 13 million people.• Oriental - Mid eastern jews. Iraq, Iran. Major Jewish Movements• Orthodox - Or “traditionalists”, follow the bible literally. Everything in bible or talmud must beobserved(?) (professor mumbles so much).• Reform - Moses Mendelssohn was the founder. Practical founder was David Friedlander. We have no obligation to observe ceremonial rituals. Bible has to be rationally interpreted. Used the Vernacular instead of hebrew. Dietary laws/kosher don’t have to be observed. Called their synagogues temples. Concentrate on social justice. Are not expecting a Messiah. • Conservative - founder was Zacharias Frankel. Continued next