RELI 160D2 1st Edition Lecture 14 Outline of Last Lecture I. Mormonism continuedII. Spectrum of Christian ThoughtA. FundamentalistsB. EvangelicalC. Main LineD. LiberalE. RadicalOutline of Current Lecture I. The Qur’anA. SurasII. FIve pillars of IslamIII. Islamic lawIV. Main teachingsCurrent LectureThe Qur’an• Zaid ibn Thabit - Abu Bakr• ‘Uthman ibn ‘Affan• 114 Suras: It is not chronological. The first Sura has become a prayer, it’s really short. They go by length. It’s about 4/5 the size of the christian scriptures. Allah - Urges submission to God. It shows the way of the profit. It’s classical arabic.• Hafiz: someone who has memorized the SurasFive Pillars of Islam• Witnessing: testify there is no God but the one God, and Muhammad is his prophet.• Ritual Prayer: formal prayer 5 times a day. The first is early in the morning, then noon, then mid afternoon, then supper, and then bed time. It’s a place of prostration. The imam is in charge of the prayer. Juma is prayer on friday, it’s community prayer. You’re called to prayer from the muezzin. Wudu is when you wash (‘purify’) yourself. Dua is informal prayer. Khutbah is a sermon given on fridays.• Fasting: during the month of Ramadan, which is on a lunar calendar. May be in summer or winter, just depends on the calendar. It’s a 30 day fast either way though. It’s a thanksgiving for the Qur’an. ‘Id al Fitr is the breaking of the fast, it’s a 2-3 day familyoriented festival.• Almsgiving: can be given any time, but usually is at the beginning of Ramadan.• Pilgrimage: make it at one point in your life. 2 million make it every year. At the end, there’s ‘Id al Adha, it’s the festival of sacrifice. Every muslim celebrates it, not just those who did pilgrimages already. It’s really important.Islamic LawThe four roots of islamic law are in bullets below. Shari’ah is divine law. Haram is something forbidden. Halal is something allowed. Fiqh is the study of law. Faqih is the lawyer. Hudan means guidance.• Qur’an - first look if it is answered here, then if not, move down.• Sunnah - means ‘tradition’. Words of the prophet muhammad. • Ijma - consensus of the early community. What did they do?• Qiyas - analogyDoor of Ijtihad - if the door is closed, you’re a strict traditional. If you say it’s open, you’re a modernist.Two main teachings:1. There is but one God. Abraham taught that. Not a trinity.2. There will be a last judgement. Preach the joys of heaven and the sadness of
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