PSYC 1000 Lecture 10 Outline of Last Lecture Test 2Outline of Current Lecture I. Developmenta. Continuity and stagesb. Types of Developmentc. Stability and changed. Developmental PsychologyII. Prenatal Developmenta. Prenatal Developmentb. Stage of Parental Developmentc. Competent Newbornd. Conception… Zygotee. Embryo… Fetusf. Teratogen RisksIII. New Born Skills and BehaviorsIV. Structure of the Womba. Embryonic Sacb. PlacentaV. Critical Periodsa. First few weeks do not harmb. Implantationc. Development of central nervous systemVI. Dangersa. Teratogensb. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)c. Maternal MalnutritionVII. Fetal LifeCurrent LectureModule 9: Developmental Issues, Prentatal Development, and the New BornVIII. Developmenta. Continuity and stagesThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.b. Types of Developmenti. Cognitiveii. Moraliii. Psychosocialc. Stability and changei. Parts of who we are that remain stableii. Attributes change during developmentiii. Temperament seems stableiv. Traits vary: attitude, coping strategies, work habits, and styles of socializingv. Personality stabilizes with aged. Developmental Psychologyi. Nature and Nurture1. Genes and experience guide development over our lifetime2. Genetically-driven process of maturation, and a process of interacting with, and being formed by, the world of objects and media, parents and peers.3. Racial or ethnic or gender groups of people differ form each other in traits of abilities, the differences within groups tends to be greater that the difference between groups4. Environment and culture affects all of us, but due to our similar biological heritage, it affects us in the same way5. Nurture is Continuousa. Researchers who see development as a function of experience tend to see development as continuous and gradual6. Nature has stagesa. Researchers who focus on biological maturation see spurts of growth and other changes that make one stage of development very different from another.ii. Change and stability1. Ways we change as we age and in what ways do we stay the sameiii. Continuity and stages1. Development a gradual change or leaps to a new way of thinking and behavingIX. Prenatal Developmenta. Conceptioni. Beginningii. Sperm and egg unite to bring genetic material together and form one organismb. Prenatal Developmenti. Zygote Stage: 10-14 Days1. Nuclei of the egg and sperm fuse, the cell divides in 2,4,8,26,100…2. Milestone of the zygote stage: cells begin to differentiate into specialized locations and structuresii. The Fetus1. 9 weeks: hands and face have developed; embyo is now called a fetusc. Stage of Parental Developmenti. Germinal Stage: conception, 14 days1. Period from fertilization to implantation in wall of uterusii. Embryonic Stage: 2-8 Weeks1. Period of implantation to about the 8th week of pregnancyiii. Fetal Stage: 9 weeks- birth1. Begins around 9th week and continues until birthd. Competent Newborni. Reflexes are responses that are inborn and do not have to be learnesii. Newborns have reflexes to ensure that they will be fediii. Rooting Reflex1. Something touches a newborn’s cheek, the infant turns toward that side with an open mouthiv. Sucking reflex1. Can be triggered by a fingertipv. Crying when hungry1. The newborn talent of using just the right sounds to motivate parents to end the noise and feed the baby.e. Conception… Zygotef. Embryo… Fetusg. Teratogen RisksX. New Born Skills and BehaviorsXI. Structure of the Womba. Embryonic Sacb. PlacentaXII. Critical Periodsa. First few weeks do not harmb. Implantationi. Anything that happens during this period will affect the embryoc. Development of central nervous systemXIII. Dangersa. Teratogensi. Substances such as viruses and chemicals that can damage the developing embryo or fetusii. Hazards1. Infectious disease2. Smoking3. Alcohol and drugsb. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)i. Refers to cognitive behavioral, and body/brain structure abnormalities caused by exposure to alcohol in the fetal stagec. Maternal Malnutritioni. Premature birth and low birth weightii. Folic acid reduces risk of spina bifidaXIV. Fetal Lifea. Fetuses in womb can respond to soundsb. Learn to recognize and adapt to sound that they previously heard only in the wombc. Habituate to annoying sounds, becoming less agitated with repeated