PSYC 1000 Lecture 9 Outline of Last Lecture I. Consciousnessa. Alertnessb. Self-awarenessc. Mental content, thoughts, and imaginingsd. Formse. Driving Consciousnessf. MultitaskII. DaydreamingIII. Rhythms and sleepa. Circadian Rhythmb. Changes in 24 hour periodc. General AlertnessIV. Circadian RhythmsV. Unconsciousnessa. We move around, but stop ourselves from falling out of bedb. Incorporate real world noisesc. Some noises wake us more easilyd. Monitoring sleepVI. Sleep stages and cyclesa. Sleep Stagesb. Sleep cyclesc. Alpha wavesd. Falling Asleepe. REM Sleep: stage 5VII. Reasons we Sleepa. Ageb. Individual variationc. Cultured. Circadian rhythm is hard to ship- jet lage. Protectionf. Restores and repairsg. Strengthens memoriesh. Facilitates creative problem solvingi. Growth hormonesj. Sleep Deprivationk. Effects body systemThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.VIII. DreamsIX. Theories of Dreama. WishfulfillmentX. Sleep Disordersa. Insomniab. Narcolepsyc. Sleep apnead. Night terrorse. Sleepwalking/ sleeptalkingXI. Sleeping wellOutline of Current Lecture I. Altering Consciousnessa. Psychoactive drugsb. Dependence/ Addictionc. Usingd. Tolerancee. WithdrawalII. Depressant: Alcohola. Intoxicantb. Gender differences in processingc. Affects the braind. Liver Damagee. More than 100,000 deaths per yearf. Effectsg. Binge DrinkingIII. Barbituratesa. Tranquilizers that depress central nervous system activityb. Problemsc. Effectsd. ExamplesIV. Opiatesa. Highly addictive depressantsb. Depress nervous system activity, reduces anxiety, and especially reduces painc. High doses produce euphoriad. Chemicals such as morphine and heroine are made from poppy opiume. Receptor sites for the body’s natural pain reducers (endorphins)V. Stimulantsa. Drugs which intensify neural activity and bodily functionsb. Examplesc. Adds energyd. Disrupts sleep 3-4 hourse. Withdrawal symptomsVI. Nicotinea. Startingb. Continuingc. Not StoppingVII. Cocainea. Blocks reuptake and increases levels at the synapseVIII. Methamphetaminea. Triggers the sustained release of dopamine, gives 8 hours of euphoria and energyb. EffectsIX. Ecstasy/MDMAa. Methylene Dioxy Meth Amphetamineb. Ecstasyc. EffectsX. Hallucinogensa. LSD (lysergic acid diethylamideb. Marijuana/ THC (delta-9-TetraHydroCannabinol)Current LectureModule 8: DrugsXI. Altering Consciousnessa. Psychoactive drugsi. Chemicals introduced into the body which alter perceptions, mood, and other elements of conscious experienceii. Dangerous when a person develops an addiction or becomes dependent on the substanceb. Dependence/ Addictioni. Tolerance1. Need to use more to receive desired effectii. Withdrawal1. Distress experienced when the “high” subsidesiii. Impact on daily life of substance useiv. Physical and psychological dependence1. Psychological dependence: person is preoccupied with a drug for emotional reasons (reduce stress)a. Resources for coping with a daily life wither as drug becomes “needed” to live.2. Physical and Physiological dependence: creates unpleasant, significant changes in physical functioning and behavior. Body chemistry changes overtime depends on having a steady supply ofthe drug.a. Body is altered that create cravings for the drug ending withdrawal symptomsc. Usingi. More than intendedd. Tolerancei. The diminished psychoactive effects after repeated useii. Feeds addiction because users take increasing amounts of drug to get the desired effecte. Withdrawali. Painful symptoms of the body readjusting to the absence of the drugii. Benefits wear offiii. Worsens addiction because users take the drug to end withdrawal symptomsXII. Depressant: Alcoholi. Chemicals that reduce neural activity and other body functionsb. Intoxicanti. Behavioral effects of blood alcohol levelsc. Gender differences in processingi. Women usually become intoxicated at lower doses of alcohol than men dod. Affects the braini. Korsakoff’s Syndromee. Liver Damagef. More than 100,000 deaths per yeari. 1 in 3 suicides and accidental deaths in the USg. Effectsi. Slow Neural Processing1. Reduced sympathetic nervous system activity2. Slower though and physical reactionii. Reduced Memory Formation1. Disrupted REM sleep2. Reduced synapse formationiii. Impaired Self- Control1. Impaired judgment2. Increases accidents and aggressionh. Binge Drinkingi. 5+ for men 4+ for women on one occasionii. early and binge drinking predictionrs of later alcoholismiii. binge drinkers 3x more likely engaging in unsafe/unplanned sexiv. risk of death from alcohol overdose1. blackouts and seizures occurXIII. Barbituratesa. Tranquilizers that depress central nervous system activityb. Problemsi. Reducing memory, judgment, and concentration; can lead to death if combined with alcoholc. Effectsi. Reducing anxiety and inducing sleepd. Examplesi. Nembutalii. Seconaliii. AmytalXIV. Opiatesa. Highly addictive depressantsb. Depress nervous system activity, reduces anxiety, and especially reduces painc. High doses produce euphoriad. Chemicals such as morphine and heroine are made from poppy opiume. Receptor sites for the body’s natural pain reducers (endorphins)XV. Stimulantsa. Drugs which intensify neural activity and bodily functionsb. Examplesi. Caffeineii. Nicotineiii. Amphetaminesiv. Cocainev. Ecstasyc. Adds energyd. Disrupts sleep 3-4 hourse. Withdrawal symptomsi. Headachesii. Irritabilityiii. Fatigueiv. Difficulty concentratingv. DepressionXVI. Nicotinea. Startingi. Invited by peersii. Influenced by culture and mediab. Continuingi. Reinforced by physically stimulating effectsc. Not Stoppingi. Smokers have difficulty stopping because of withdrawal symptoms such as insomnia, anxiety, distractibility, and irritabilityXVII. Cocainea. Blocks reuptake and increases levels at the synapsei. Dopamine (rewarding)ii. Serotonin (mood)iii. Norepinephrine (provides energy)XVIII. Methamphetaminea. Triggers the sustained release of dopamine, gives 8 hours of euphoria and energyb. Effectsi. Irritabilityii. Insomniaiii. Seizuresiv. Hypertensionv. Violencevi. DepressionXIX. Ecstasy/MDMAa. Methylene Dioxy Meth Amphetamineb. Ecstasyi. A synthetic stimulant that increases dopamine and greatly increases serotoninc. Effectsi. Euphoriaii. Hallucinationsiii. Feeling of social connectedness and intimacyiv. Regretted behavior, dehydration, overheating and high blood pressurev. Disrupted sleep and circadian