PSYC 11 Lecture 12 Outline of Last Lecture I. Infancya. Baby memoryII. ChildhoodIII. Brain Developmenta. Wombb. Birthc. Infancyd. NurtureIV. Motor Developmenta. Maturationb. Social and Emotional DevelopmentV. Maturationa. Experience (nurture) can adjust the timing, but maturation (nature) sets the sequenceVI. Cognitive Developmenta. Cognition b. Problem solving figuring out how the world works. c. developing models and conceptsd. storing and retrieving knowledge. e. understanding and using language f. using self-talk and inner thoughts.g. Jean Piaget (1896-1980)h. Sensorimotor Stage (birth- age 2)Outline of Current Lecture I. Autism Spectrum Disordersa. Problemsb. Spectrum Disordersc. TeachingII. Concrete operational stageIII. Stages of developmenta. Birth-2b. 2-7c. 7-11d. 12-adulthoodThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.IV. Stranger anxietya. Children are more able to notice when strangers do not fit. They do not yet have the ability to assimilate those facesb. Evolutionary psychologist would note that a child is learning to walk at this age. Some of the children who walked toward unfamiliar creatures might have died before having a chance to pass on genesV. Attachmenta. Origins of Attachmentb. “Strange situations” test:c. Reactions to Separation and Reuniond. DaycareCurrent LectureI. Autism Spectrum Disordersa. Problemsi. Establishing mutual social interactionii. Using language and play symbolicallyiii. Displaying flexibility with routine, interests, and behavioriv. More difficulty than a typical child in mentally mirroring the thoughts andactions of others this difficulty has been called “mind blindness”b. Spectrum Disordersi. “islands of ability” (usually very concrete abilities) parts of the brain are not well connected to each other; their first talent to be missing is often social intuitionc. Teachingi. Recognizing emotionsii. development is a continuous process.iii. children show some mental abilities at an earlier age than Piaget thought.iv. formal logic is a smaller part of cognition, even for adults, than Piaget believed.v. May break things without intending to;vi. Cannot tell that they are blocking your view, much less figuratively see from your viewpoint on issues;vii. May complain about a sibling getting more food if the same sized pizza was cut into more pieces.viii. May not get your sarcasm.II. Concrete operational stagei. Begins at ages 6-7 to 11ii. Children grasp conservation and other concrete transformationiii. They understand simple math transformations the reversibility of operationsIII. Stages of developmenta. Birth-2i. sensorimotorb. 2-7c. 7-11d. 12-adulthoodIV. Stranger anxietya. Children are more able to notice when strangers do not fit. They do not yet have the ability to assimilate those facesb. Evolutionary psychologist would note that a child is learning to walk at this age. Some of the children who walked toward unfamiliar creatures might have died before having a chance to pass on genesV. Attachmenti. Refers to an emotional ties to another person.1. In children, it can appear as a desire for physical closeness to a caregiverb. Origins of Attachmenti. Experiments with monkeys suggest that attachment is based on physical affection and comfortable body contact, and not based on being rewarded with food.ii. Familiarity1. Most creatures tend to attach to caregivers who have become familiar.2. Birds have a critical period, hours after hatching, during which they might imprint: become rigidly attached to the first moving object they seec. “Strange situations” test:i. a mother and infant child are alone in an unfamiliar (“strange”) room; thechild explores the room .ii. the mother leaves the room.iii. After a few moments, the mother returnsd. Reactions to Separation and Reunioni. Secure attachment: mild distress when mother leaves, seeking contact with her when she returnsii. Insecure attachment (anxious style): not exploring, clinging to mother, loudly upset when mother leaves, remaining upset when she returns e. Daycarei. We have seen already that time in day care does not significantly increaseor decrease separation anxiety. ii. Warm interaction with multiple caretakers can result in multiple healthy attachments. iii. advanced thinking skills and also with increased aggression and