J210 Exam 1, Fall 2013 Page 1 of 12 J210 Microbiology & Immunology September 16, 2013 Examination 1 This examination consists of 70 questions. Questions 1 to 35 are worth 2 points each. Questions 36 to 70 are worth 1 point each which includes 5 bonus points on this exam. A perfect score equals 105 points. You have from 8:10 A.M. to 9:40 A.M. for this examination. All answer sheets are due at 9:40 A.M. even if you arrived late. Make sure your initials and last name, as well as your full identification number, are placed on the computer-graded answer sheet, and that the corresponding circles are filled in. An answer key will be posted on Oncourse within 2 hours following the exam. You are encouraged to write on this question sheet and retain it after the exam. Once the key has been posted, examination questions will be discussed by email only. Scores will be posted on Oncourse before the weekend.J210 Exam 1, Fall 2013 Page 2 of 12 Part A: Multiple choice questions (1 through 35). Select the one item which best answers the question. 1) Which of the following cellular components is not associated with prokaryotes? A) Cell membrane B) Microtubules C) Flagellin D) Peptidoglycan E) RNA polymerase 2) Ignaz Semmelweiss is known for A) Development of sterile technique B) Invention of the microscope C) Advocating handwashing in hospitals D) Development of the taxonometric system E) Refuting Aristotle’s spontaneous generation theory 3) Which of the following is a fermentation product of dental plaque-associated bacteria which contributes most to the development of dental caries? A) Acetic acid B) Hydrogen sulfide C) Ethanol D) Lactic acid E) Pyruvic acid 4) Which is the smallest unit of measurement listed below A) Inches B) Centimeters C) Micrometers D) Nanometers E) Millimeters 5) Which of the following microscope types are suitable for evaluating Gram-stained bacteria? A) Light microscope B) Transmission electron microscope C) Scanning electron microscope D) Both A and C E) Both B and CJ210 Exam 1, Fall 2013 Page 3 of 12 6) Bacteria may have all of the following except: A) Fimbrae B) Cell wall C) Ribosomes D) Lysosomes E) Flagella 7) In the 1880s Robert Koch described a series of sequential steps which must be taken to prove the cause of an infectious disease. Place the following statements (i to iv) constituting Koch’s Postulates in the correct order. i) When the agent is introduced to a healthy, susceptible host, the host must get the disease. ii) The same agent must be found in the diseased experimental host. iii) The suspected causative agent must be found in every case of the disease and absent from healthy hosts. iv) The agent must be isolated and grown outside the host. A) i, ii, iii, iv B) iii, i, iv, ii C) iv, iii, i, ii D) iii, iv, i, ii E) ii, iv, i, iii 8) The process by which microbes migrate towards a food source is known as: A) Diffusion B) Osmosis C) Active transport D) Chemotaxis E) Phototaxis 9) Indicate the correct description for the morphology of the bacteria shown below. A) Staphylococci B) Streptococci C) Diplococci D) Spirochetes E) Bacilli J210 Exam 1, Fall 2013 Page 4 of 12 10) All of the following structures can be found in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria except: A) Flagella B) 70s ribosomes C) Lipopolysaccharide D) Peptidoglycan E) Fimbrae 11) Which of the following is an example of active transport? A) Eukaryotic cell locomotion. B) Pseudopod movement. C) Flagellar rotation in bacteria D) Using the proton gradient to make ATP. E) Diffusion through the cell membrane. 12) Indicate the flagellar morphology of the bacterium sketched below: A) Monotrichous B) Lophotrichous C) Amphitrichous D) Peritrichous E) Spirochete 13) Which of the following statements regarding bacteriostatic antibiotics is incorrect? A) They stop bacterial growth. B) They are not suitable for immunocompromised patients. C) They stop bacterial DNA synthesis. D) They may have side effects in some patients. E) None of the above.J210 Exam 1, Fall 2013 Page 5 of 12 14) Which of the following features distinguishes Gram-positive from Gram-negative cells? A) Cell size B) Presence of a capsule C) Thick, external peptidoglycan layer D) Flagella E) Fimbrae 15) Commensal bacteria which inhabit the large intestine are most likely A) Acidophiles B) Psycrophiles C) Thermophiles D) Mesophiles E) Extreme thermophiles 16) Which medical procedure carries the highest risk of infection in US hospitals? A) Bladder catheterization B) Endotracheal entubation (breathing tube) C) Intravenous catheterization D) Hyperalimentation (feeding tube) E) Surgical procedures 17) Bacterial fimbrae can be all of the following except: A) An appendage B) A virulence determinant C) A means of attachment to a host D) A means of locomotion E) A means of transmitting genetic information 18) A newborn baby can acquire normal microbiota in all the following ways except: A) The first residential microbiota are established in the colon after the first meal. B) Microbes enter the nose and mouth when the baby is in the birth canal. C) Staphylococcus epidermis is transferred from the mother and hospital staff to the newborn after delivery. D) Commensal microbes cross the placenta during pregnancy. E) Microorganisms grow in the respiratory tract after the baby’s first breath.J210 Exam 1, Fall 2013 Page 6 of 12 19) Fermentation may result in which of the following: A) Ethanol and carbon dioxide B) Lactate C) Acetone D) Acetic acid E) Any of the above 20) Which of the following is not considered a virulence factor in bacteria? A) Ribosome B) Biofilm C) Endotoxin D) Exotoxin E) Capsule 21) The graph below represents the course of an infectious disease in a patient. Which symbol represents the prodromal stage? 22) Referring to the graph above; during which stage would you see the greatest increase in numbers of the infecting organism? 23) Referring to the graph above; at which stage will the patient most likely seek medical treatment? J210 Exam 1, Fall 2013 Page 7 of 12 24) The product of glycolysis that either feeds into the Krebs cycle or undergoes fermentation is called: A) Glucose B) Lactate C) Pyruvate D) Propionic acid E) NADH 25) If an organism is a ciliate, it likely can be classified with which of the