2 11 15 I love college asher roth o social structure Applying Macrosociology Stigma of expected to have the best time of your life partying independence Lack of responsibility o Culture Greek life drinking o Social location Expensive mostly white Social Structure Levels of sociological analysis Macrosociology Microsociology o Focuses on broad features of society social context o Theories functionalism conflict theory o Focuses on social interaction details of everyday life o Theory symbolic interactionism Significance of social structure Typical patterns of a group guides our behavior income education job prestige Social class Status position of any prestige level that someone occupies o Similarities class and status both guide ideas and behaviors o Class determines status Status set occupy several positions at the same time Social class status and status sets constant No Ascribed status o Involuntary inherited o Social location race ethnicity sex parent s social class o Life course baby teen senior citizen Positive college student parent doctor Negative school dropout alcoholic prisoner Achieved status o Voluntary accomplished o Social location Status symbols o Positive o Negative Master status o Ascribed born in royal family o Achieved pope president statuses usually blend well leads to smooth social interactions sometimes status inconsistency occurs ex 12 year old in college in different life stage trouble making friends Roles Behaviors obligations and privileges attached to a status Occupy a status play a role Lay out expectations provide limited freedom Macro perspectives social institutions Functionalism 5 functional requisites o 1 Replace members o 2 Socialize new members o 3 Produce and distribute goods and services o 4 Preserve order o 5 Provide sense of purpose Conflict theory o Powerful groups Control manipulate social institutions to preserve their wealth and power Examples of social institutions Applications to theory Applying Microsociology 1 13 15 Online brad paisley o Status symbols money luxury o Stereotypes grown man living in basement of parents house jock bullying the pizza guy o Impression management going online pretending to be someone else Symbolic Interactionism Stereotypes assumptions of what people are like Personal space varies by culture Intimate space personal distance social distance public distance o Everyday importance of interpreting body language its how people interact Social life drama play Dramaturgy o Socialization learn to perform o Self center of performances o Roles impression management o Front stage perform and spend most of our social lives o Back stage retreat from social life The pursuit of happiness job interview Applying impression management o Violated norms job interview no suit or tie covered in paint o Stereotypes men in charge are white looking down o Role improvisation very honest but assures them that he s a hard worker Role performance conflict and strain Roles outline performances but provide flexibility Normally little conflict between statuses simplifies role performance o Sometimes role conflict occurs between roles o Ex environmentalist but work for company that produces a lot of o Ex parent has to choose between going to son s game or daughter s o Use of background assumptions and life experiences to define what s waste Role strain conflict within a role dance review Social construction of reality real Need for macro and micro o Macro larger framework o Micro everyday interactions o Importance of social groups 2 20 15 Integrated high school prom Applying in groups and out groups Groups within society Group o Think of themselves as belonging together o Interact with one another Aggregate Category Temporarily share physical space Share similar characteristics genders Primary groups family o Intimate and long term face to face interactions o Establish identity and belonging o Essential to emotional well being o Internalize values and attitudes Secondary groups college classroom o Larger more anonymous formal and impersonal o Shared interests activities o Necessary today o Lack intimate connections break into primary groups Inner circle and iron law of oligarchy o Key members often distant from others o Pick one another as leaders o Organization dominated by small self perpetuating elite o All of current supreme court justices graduated from either Harvard or Inner circle Oligarchy Yale In groups Out groups o Loyalty excuse faults encouragement o Antagonism discrimination hatred Reference groups o Used to evaluate ourselves o Includes groups you belong to and ones you don t o Upset when our behaviors aspirations oppose group standards Social networks o People linked to one another o Clique clusters within a group one regularly associates with 2 23 15 Chris Rock Job vs Career How bureaucracies affect individuals o Alienated by being put in the back dropping out of school o Coping mechanisms make friends at work Characteristics of bureaucracies Clear levels with assignments flowing downward and accountability flowing upward Division of labor Written rules Written communication and records Rationalization of society weber s prediction bureaucracies with their emphasis on results would increasingly dominate our lives he was right because the government is a bureaucracy Impersonality and replaceability Goal displacement and perpetuation of bureaucracies Bureaucracies exceed at harnessing people s energy to reach specific goals Goal displacement organization continues after achieving its initial goals Standardization of everyday life Positive efficiency dependability lower costs McDonaldization of society Negative blandness no originality Brave new world of moocs Positives rewind and recap something you don t understand more available for students Negatives can t ask questions or engage Self fulfilling stereotypes ideas of what it takes to get ahead o Ex dress nice show confidence for an interview Working for the corporation Stereotypes influence behavior Hidden part of corporate culture Bosses give advantages to people like them o Diversity training seeks to reduce this 2 25 15 Group Size effects stability and intimacy Dyad smallest most intense intimate group Triad less intense interactions stronger and more stable than dyad o Dyads more intense because consists of only 2 people 1 relationship o Triads more stable because if one person leaves the relationship its still a group o Dyad ex husband wife o Triad ex group of