SOCL 2001 9 Instructor Skylar Gremillion Room Lockett B5 Office 121 Stubbs Hall Office Phone 225 578 1648 Email sgremi3 lsu edu Office Hours T TH 10am noon or by appointment Exam 3 Chapters 9 12 Date 5 10 14 Location 005 Lockett Small scantron 4 8 14 Race Race is a myth The concept of race is largely socially constructed Race a groups of people who share a set of characteristics typically but not always physical ones are said to share a common bloodline The concept of race has some biological element little but also attached to social characteristics Race in the early modern world was often based on biblical or religious definitions of race European explorers explained the genetic differences by interweaving them into their holy scripture Africans explained as descend from Ham cursed in Genesis 9 The Enlightenment moved the world toward science and the western definition of race adjusted accordingly Scientific racism describes theories of race from the 18th century Theories linked racial differences to scientific biological explanations rather than biblical ones Theories were often used to explain and often justify differences in social status or legal status of different races The early days Scientific racism Social darwinism Survival of the fittest All races same species Some races were more evolved better fit to survive or rule others Eugenics is a pseudoscience that links social and psychological temperament to bloodlines H H Goddard argued that immigrants were lesser than native born americans due to their test scores Nativism should only be the original people gained social support during this period 19th century into early 20th century Phrenology was the science of head bumps The shape and bumps on one s head were linked to psychological temperament In scientific racism Physical features were the most common biological element cid 127 Which also happened to be linked to race Leading us to racial classification based on skull measurements Other the group outside of the dominant group 20th century Anti semitism brings about some shifts in the common classifications of race Nazi s update eugenics and bring back classification by racial measurement in order to identify jews In America in the mid 20th century they focused on hard lined differences between races based on blood cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 One Drop Rule the belief that one drop of black blood made a person black Tied to laws about miscegenation Miscegenation cid 127 Multiracial marriage Dated politically charged term Laws against intermarriage overturned by Loving v Virginia 1967 Race or ethnicity cid 127 Often used interchangeably but are separate things Race Externally imposed Involuntary Hierarchal Exclusive Unequal Ethnicity Voluntary Self defined Non Hierarchal Fluid Cultural and planar 4 10 14 Race Racial realities US has thousands of different ethnic groups Sometimes they are symbolic Race a groups of people who share a set of characteristics typically but not always physical ones are said to share a common bloodline All humans are 99 genetically identical A social construct changing over time and place Racism Belief that separate races possess different and unequal human traits cid 127 Many historical efforts to explain race were biased due to ethnocentrism Prejudice negative thoughts and feelings about an ethnic or racial group thinking Discrimination harmful or negative acts against people deemed inferior based on race doing Merton s Typology Non discriminator Discriminator Non prejudice Prejudiced All weather liberal Timid bigot Reluctant liberal All weather bigot Symbolic Ethnicity Individualistic in nature without real social cost cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 Racialization Formation of a new identity in which new ideological boundaries of difference are drawn around a formerly unnoticed group of people Whites Socially constructed Depends on historical period cid 127 White Privilege Assumption white neutral normal Invisible set of advantages enjoyed by whites cid 127 Modern white supremacists NAAWP embrace research on white achievements but don t acknowledge privilege Charts Income by race Educational attainment by race cid 127 Marital status 4 24 14 Family Housework in the 20th century M T W TH Office hours finals week Endogamy Exogamy Monogamy Polygyny Having more than one partner at a time Polyandry cid 127 Multiple husbands Polygyny cid 127 Multiple wives Preindustrial family Household miniature economy Depends on kinship networks Ties based on blood or marriage Industrial revolution Created a division between wrk and home cid 127 Men public sphere work for wages cid 127 Women private sphere housework childcare cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 Culture of domesticity Idea that true womanhood centers on domestic responsibility and child rearing Families after WWII Peak of middle class nuclear family Father mother biological children Idealized historically unusual Thriving economy government assistance Family and work Significant changes since 19702 Higher divorce rates Lowering marriage and fertility cid 127 More women in workforce Second shifts Unpaid labor inside the home performed after paid labor Cooking laundry childcare cid 127 Most women s responsibility Counting job housework men work 15 hours less per week Individualism in the US Focus on personal growth happiness Idealistic view of relationships High rates of marriage and divorce Divorce rates p459 Effects of divorce on children Lower future socioeconomic status Lower self esteem relationship difficulties Context matters timing level of hostility cid 127 Married parents better child outcomes IF the marriage is happy 4 29 14 Education Education Process through which academic social and cultural ideas and tools are developed Services many direct functions and a few latent functions Latent hidden functions social and cultural ideas and tools cid 127 Manifest direct obvious academics cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid