Jenkins CGS2060 1 Complete Study Guide for CGS Exam One Discovering Computers Technology in a World of Computers Mobile Devices and the Internet Chapter 1 Digital Literacy Objectives Differentiate among laptops tablets and servers Describe the purpose and uses of smartphones digital cameras portable media players e book readers and game devices Describe the relationship between data and information Briefly explain various input options Differentiate the Internet from the web and describe the relationship among the web webpages websites and web servers Explain the purpose of a browser a search engine and an online social network Briefly describe digital security risks associated with viruses and other malware privacy your health and the environment Differentiate between an operating system and applications Differentiate between wired and wireless technologies and identify reasons individuals and businesses use networks Discuss how society uses technology in education retail finance entertainment health care travel government science publishing and manufacturing Identify technology used by home users small office home office users mobile users power users and enterprise users A World of Technology Because technology changes you must keep up with the changes to remain digitally literate Digital literacy involves having a current knowledge and understanding of computers mobile devices the Internet and related technologies Computers A computer is an electronic device operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory They understand electrical systems It doesn t know what things MEAN but it interprets the data to make it something humans can understand Accepts data input Processing Produces information output Examples of computers cellphones laptops cameras tablets desktops servers Mobile game devices such as digital cameras game consoles portable media players e book readers they re all computers Data and information Complete Study Guide for Exam 1 Jenkins CGS2060 2 A keyboard contains keys you press to enter data and instructions into a computer or mobile device A pointing device is an input device that allows a user to control a small symbol on the screen called a pointer Some mobile devices and computers enable you to speak data instructions using voice input and to capture live full motion images using video input A scanner is a light sensing input device that converts printed text and images into a form the computer can process An output device is any hardware component that conveys information from a computer or mobile device to one or more people A printer is an output device that produces text and graphics on a physical medium such as paper A display is an output device that visually conveys text graphics and video information The display equals the output device All screens displaying meaningful information to you completely meaningless to a computer Speakers allow you to hear audio such as music voice and other sounds Earbuds Headphones Speakers are output They are electrical signals vibrations that we can hear and understand Memory consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed and the data needed by those instructions A computer keeps data instructions and information on a storage media A storage device records writes and or retrieves reads items to and from storage media Complete Study Guide for Exam 1 Jenkins CGS2060 3 Forms of storage devices are hard disk soli state drive USB flash drive memory card optical disk cloud storage The Internet The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses government agencies educational institutions and individuals There s a bunch of satellites in space to cater and provide the internet The World Wide Web or web for short is a global library of information available to anyone connected to the Internet The web consists of a worldwide collection of electronic documents each of which is called a webpage A website is a collection of related webpages A web server is a computer that delivers requested webpages to your computer A browser is software that enables users with an Internet connection to access and view webpages on a computer or mobile device A search engine is software that finds websites webpages images videos news maps and other information related to a specific topic An online social network encourages members to share their interests ideas stories photos music and videos with other registered users Digital Safety and Security It is important that users protect their computers and mobile devices from risks such as Privacy Viruses and Other Malware Health Concerns Environmental Issues Green computing involves reducing the electricity consumed and environmental waste generated when using a computer Strategies include Recycling Using energy efficient hardware and energy saving features Regulating manufacturing processes Extending the life of computers Immediately donating or properly disposing of replaced compute Software also called a program tells the computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them Programs and Apps In two forms there is System Software Operating system Utility program Complete Study Guide for Exam 1 Jenkins CGS2060 Application Software 4 Installing is the process of setting up software to work with the computer printer and other hardware Once installed you can run an application so that you can interact with it You interact with a program or application through its user interface A software developer sometimes called an application developer or computer programmer is someone who develops programs and apps or writes the instructions that direct the computer or mobile device to process data into information Communications and Networks In the course of a day it is likely you use or use information generated by one or more of these communications technologies Chat rooms Fax FTP Transferring files between computers Instant messaging Internet Email GPS Newsgroups RSS Video conference Voice mail VoIP Voice Information Over Internet Wireless Internet access points Wireless messaging services A communications device is hardware capable of transferring items from computers and devices to transmission media and vice versa Examples of wireless communications technologies include Wi Fi Bluetooth Short range wireless device wifi radio Cellular radio A network is a collection of computers and devices connected together via
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