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Vo cabulary1. 3D sound card: An expansion card that enables a computer to produce sounds that are omnidirectional or three dimensional2. Access time: The time it takes a storage device to locate its stored data3. Bit depth: The number of bits a video card uses to store data about each pixel on the monitor4. Cache memory: Small blocks of memory, located directly on and next to the central processing unit (CPU) chip, that act as holding places for recently or frequently used instructions or data that the CPU accesses the most. When these instructions or data are stored in cache memory, the CPU can more quickly retrieve them than if it had to access the instructions or data from random access memory (RAM).5. Clock speed: The steady and constant pace at which a computer goes through machine cycles, measured in hertz (Hz).16. Core: A complete processing section from a CPU, embedded into one physicalchip.17. CPU benchmarks: Measurements used to compare performance between processors.18. CPU usage graph: Records your CPU usage for the past several seconds.19. eSATA: A port that will connect to some external hard drive models.110.ExpressCard: Notebooks are often equipped with an ExpressCard slot. It can add a solid state drive (SSD), eSATA and FireWire posts and other capabilitiesto your system11.Graphics double data rate 5 (GDDR5): A standard of video memory.112.Graphics processing unit (GPU): A specialized logic chip that is dedicated to quickly displaying and calculating visual data such as shadows, textures, and luminosity.113.Hard drive: A device that holds all permanently stored programs and data; can be located inside the system unit or attached to the system unit via a USB port.114.Head crash: Impact of read/write head against magnetic platter of the hard drive; often results in data loss.115.Hyperthreading: A technology that permits quicker processing of information by enabling a new set of instructions to start executing before the previous set has finished.16.Kernel memory: The memory that the computer’s operating system uses.117.Latency: The process that occurs after the read/write head of the hard drive locates the correct track, and then waits for the correct sector to spin to the read/write head.118.Memory module (memory card): A small circuit board that holds a series of random access memory (RAM) chips.119.Moore’s Law: A prediction, named after Gordon Moore, the cofounder of Intel;states that the number of transistors on a CPU chip will double every two years20.Nonvolatile storage: Permanent storage, as in read-only memory (ROM).121.Optical drive: A hardware device that uses lasers or light to read from, and maybe even write to, CDs, DVDs, or Blu-ray discs.122.Physical memory: The amount of random access memory (RAM) that is installed in a computer.123.Platter: A thin, round, metallic storage plate stacked onto the hard drive spindle.124.Random Access Memory (RAM): The computer’s temporary storage space or short-term memory. It is located in a set of chips on the system unit’s motherboard, and its capacity is measured in megabytes or gigabytes.125.Read/write head: The mechanism that retrieves (reads) and records (writes) the magnetic data to and from a data disk.126.Redundant array of independent disks (RAID): A set of strategies for using more than one drive in a system.127.Serial advanced technology attachment (serial ATA): A type of hard drive thatuses much thinner cables, and can transfer data more quickly than IDE drives28.Sector: A section of a hard drive platter, wedge-shaped from the center of theplatter to the edge.129.Seek time: The time it takes for the hard drive’s read/write heads to move over the surface of the disk to the correct track.130.Solid state drive (SSD): A storage device that uses the same kind of memory that flash drives use, but can reach data in only a tenth of the time a flash drive requires.131.Sound card: An expansion card that attaches to the motherboard inside the system unit and that enables the computer to produce sounds by providing a connection for the speakers and microphone.132.SuperFetch: A memory-management technique used by Windows 7. Monitors the applications you use the most and preloads them into your system memory so that they’ll be ready to go.133.Surround sound: A type of audio processing that makes the listener experience sound as if it were coming from all directions.134.System evaluation: The process of looking at a computer’s subsystems, what they do, and how they perform to determine whether the computer system has the right hardware components to do what the user ultimately wants it todo.135.Track: A concentric circle that serves as a storage area on a hard drive platter.136.Video card (video adapter): An expansion card that is installed inside a system unit to translate binary data (the 1s and 0s the computer uses) into the images viewed on the monitor.137.Video memory: RAM that is included as part of a video card.138.Volatile storage: Temporary storage, such as in random access memory (RAM). When the power is off, the data in volatile storage is cleared out.Chapter 6What if I always struggle to get things done on my computer?- It may not be you but the fact that you need a computer to fit you needs and necessary utilitiesWhen is the best time to buy a new computer?- Never because computers become faster and cost less every year- Moore’s Law describes the pace at which CPUs improveo Says that the number of transistors of your CPU will increase so fast that CPU capacity will double every 18 monthso Moore predicted that y 2020 CPU chips will be different and this will no longer applyo DRAM also improves 60% every year DRAM is most common form of memory found in personal computerso Hard drives improves capacity by 50% each yearSo should I be buying a new computer every year?- Nobody should have to spend the money and time for a new computer and file transfers every year- Extending the life of a computer reduces the environmental and security concerns involved in the disposal of computero First step is to figure out what you want your computer to be able to doBut what if I’m just buying my first computer?- Be able to understand and evaluate computer systems so when you are asked what you are looking for, you are informed and know what you wantOK, how do I know what my ideal system is?- Consider what you want to be able to do with your computero School or work w o Edit digital photos and video?-


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FSU CGS 2060 - Vocabulary

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