Moore s Law pace at which CPU s the brains of the computer improve Co founder of CPU Chip Manufacturer Intel The number of transistors inside a CPU will increase so fast the CPU capacity Chapter 6 will double every 18 months By 2020 CPU chips will be manufactured a totally different way What is your ideal computer How do I know what my ideal system is Where do I get the training I need Choosing either a desktop or a notebook system System out of the box PC DeCrapifieer How long will a notebook be useful to me Interal Hard Drives External SATA eSATA or USB 3 0 fast transport port can add external hard drive for more storage space Express Card Slot Express card add solid state drive SSD Compact Flash memory sticks Secure Digital Cards New USB 3 0 manufactured in Express card formats System Evaluation 1 CPU subsytem 2 Memory Subsystem RAM 3 Storage Subsystem hard drive 4 Video Subsystem videocard and monitor 5 Audio Subsystem sound card and speakers 6 Ports CPU processes the instructions performs calculations and manages the flow of information turning raw data into valuable information s through processing operations Located in the motherboard the primary circuit board of the computer Intel Processors Core family i7 i5 i3 Centrino line AMD Processors Althlona nd Phenom I7 is most advanced desktop CPU How it works 2 Units 1 Control Unit coordinates the activities of all other computer components 2 Arithmetic Logic Unit ALU all the arithmetic calculations addition subtraction comparing like less than equal to Everytme the CPU goes through steps Machine Cycle 1 Fetches required piece of data from RAM the temp storage location 2 Decodes the instruction into something the computer can understand once its decoded it executes the instruction and stores the result to RAM before fetching next instruction Different Design of the CPU in terms of of cores 1 Core complete processing section from a CPU embedded into one physical chip 2 Clock Speed how quickly the processor can work 3 Cache Memory amount of immediate access memory the CPU has Hyper threading quicker process of information by enabling a new set of instructions to start executing before the previous set has finished Most recent use of multiple cores on one CPU chip Two or more processors reside on the same chip allows 2 sets of instructions Running behind the scenes like Virus protection allows iTunes to run faster With multiple cores each program had the full attention of its own processing one Allows 2 different programs to be processed at one time but they are sharing the computing resources of the chip Faster processing and smoother multitasking IT IS POSSBIBLE to have multiple cores and hyper threading Cache Memory form of random access memory that is more accessible to the CPU than the regular RAM The chips proximity to the CPU 1 Level 1 is block of memory that is built into the CPU chip for storage of data or commands that have just been used 2 Level 2 is located on the CPU chip but is farther away from CPU longer to access 3 Level 3 More storage than 1 2 but father away FSB Front Side Bus connects the CPU to the system memory the wider it is the more info can go through faster The faster the FSB is the faster you can get data to your processor In MHz Benchmarks measurements used to compare CPU performance between processors Notebooks INTEL AND AMD make processors for notebooks with low power consumption and more flexible wireless connectivity ports CPU usage the percentage of time that your CPU is working Upgrading your CPU will only affect the processing portion not how quickly data can move to or from the CPU Insufficient RAM or hard drive capacity RAM computers temporary storage space short term memory Volatile storage when the computer is off the RAM is cleared Nonvolatile storage permanent storage when the computer is powered off like Hard drives Million times faster for CPU to retrieve data from RAM than hard drive nanoseconds vs milliseconds Double Data Rate 2 Double Data Rate 3 DDR2 DDR3 Older systems DRAM SRAM SDRAM Memory mofules or memory cards small circuit boards that hold a series of RAM chips and fit into special slots on the motherboard Dual Inline Memory Modules DIMM s RAM resellers Crucial com Physical Memory the amt of RAM that is actually sitting on memory mofules in your computer Kernel Memory the memory that your operating system uses at minimum the system needs enough RAM to run the operating system At least 2GB of RAM BUY how much you can afford and no more than your system will handle Hard Drive largest storage capacity TB tera bytes Access time time it takes a storage decide to locate its stored data and make it available for processing is faster than that of other permanent storage devices like optical drives Miliseconds ms Solid State Drive same kind of memory as flash drive but they can only reach 1 10 of time as flash drives no noise little heat little power NOTEBOOKS Data Transfer Rate speed at which it can transfer data to other computer components such as RAM In Megabits or megabytes Hard drive is composed of several coated round think plates of metal stacked on a spindle Each plate is called a Platter when datas saved to a hard drive a pattern of magnetized spots is created on the iron oxide coating of each platter when aligned in one direction its 1 and in other direction 0 Binary digits smallest bit of data the computer can understand GB or TB Integrated Drive Electronics IDE Para ell Advanced Technology Attachment PATA Serial Advanced Technology Attachment Serial ATA hard drives use much thinner cables and can transfer data more quickly than IDE drives Huge drives or several smaller ones Speed or security 2 smaller ones with RAID redundant array of independent disks RAID 1 all data written to one is perfectly mirrored and written on second drive instant by instant backup of your work RAID 0 every time data is written on hard drive it s actually spread across 2 physical drives 2x as fast one starts then jumps to second Performance Optical Storage laser to store and read data Blue Ray Disc BD s within established tracks and sectors just like on a hard drive Store tiny pits that are burned onto the disc by high speed laser Nonpits lands translating into the 1 s and 0 s of the binary code computers understand BLUE DVD ROM and BD ROM read only optical discs movies CD R DVD R BD R written or saved or burned to them CD RW DVD RW BD RW read writeable CD drives cannot read DVD Most players are
View Full Document
Unlocking...