GEA1000 TEST 3Asia Religion:- Gene that carries the chromosome of culture- The collective is much more important, group oriented societies - NOT an “I” profess thought system, their though system is based off actions- Object to text based religions, don’t have religious documents- NO exclusive religion, they practice many religions- There are exceptions, these are just generalizationsKnow- name, unique items, where religion is practiced, is it geocentric (point on a map)Hinduism:- Oldest religion; world’s 3rd largest religion- Started in the Indus River Valley- Text-based religion; the Vedas (Sanskrit document)- World is a cosmos, India is the center; filled with spirits that never die- Transmigration: you live forever, your spirit lives forever- Caste system: social structure describing what jobs/class a person will have - Everyone has a task to do: produce good deeds and reproduce children (males)- Cow is sacred- Practice of sati: wife commits suicide when husband dies- Ganges River: sacred, Hindu’s bath in itIslam:- Started in Mecca- Enters Asia in 650 AD via invasion through the Khyber Pass- Rulers from 670 AD to the independence in 1949 AD- Muslims are the dominant, elite population- Hindus are subject to persecution since they are not of the “book” unlike Jews and Christians- Hindus v. MuslimsJainism:- Came out of the Golden Age, 500 BC- Lord Jain was a Hindu Brahman; believed religion should be spiritual NOT text based- Main Components:1. Based on spirits2. Respect for all things living (with spirits)3. Wear all white4. Most prominent live in N.E. India In Banking industry 4/5 million in populationSikhismGEA1000 TEST 3- Mid 1450-1480s - A mix of Hinduism and Islam; a moderate of both- All people created equal, life takes precedent- Spiritual, not specific rules or rituals- Amrizar: center of Sikh religion (Golden Temple)- In Punjab region primarily- Sikh men NEVER cut hair; they put their hair in turbans- Sikhs have been fighting since the beginning, they are great warriors Main career: Military; still true todayBuddhism - Started during the Golden Age, 500 BC- Siddhartha: founder, also known as Buddha- One has to look within one’s self to find truth and fulfillment (8-fold path)- All things pure in womb (spirit), once born passions make you impure- Gods don’t matter- Started in North Asia, but spread all over- Mostly in China- Cornerstone of East Asia thought systemTaoism:- Emperor’s Librarian was founder, Lao Su- All about nature; truth found in nature—rules, order, harmony- Tie Ching - Thought system that becomes the 2nd of East Asian worldviews- Big in China!Confucianism:- Founder: Confucius; dedicated life to reading- Humans are separate from nature because of our brains and thus can reason- KNOWLEDGE is the source of salvation, this is the ultimate goal—pursuit of knowledge and wisdom- Respect System: Children to parents Women to male in life Males to patriarch male Patriarchs to government- Scholar Class System: Top men with the knowledge of Chinese ancient writings rule China; adopted by the Emperor- 3RD Thought system of East Asian world viewsShinto: - Japanese—started in Japan- Nature is were god becomes presentGEA1000 TEST 3- Land Features are gods The sun is the most high god The Sun’s child is the emperor of Japan, thus Japanese are the children! - Shinto = intense Japanese Nationalism- Basis is respect for ancestorsCao Dai:- Vietnam, 1919-1926- Center in city of Tay Ninh- Pulls from the “7 great religions” of the world; in other words made its own religion based off of these- Venerates ancestors, has some saints- Gender equality- Big within the US Vietnamese populationChristianity:- Major influence in India, especially the south- Dates back to the 1st century- Major in South Korea (primarily Pentecostal and Evangelical)- Major in Australia (Catholics—dominant, Anglicans, Presbyterians)- Major sect in Vietnam is CatholicSouth Asia- India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and buffer statesLand Features- Himalayas Highest mountains in the world, 30,000 ft. Eastern India- Hindu Kush Western India Khyber pass located here- Tien Shen  Northern India These mountains limit trade and movement- Lower India Decan Plateau Ghats Mountains (Eastern/Western)- Thar Desert Northern India- Indus River India and Hinduism come from Indus Flows through the middle of Thar Desert, the length of Pakistan  Runs through PakistanGEA1000 TEST 3 Hydrolytic Societies  Most are slave societies Started in the Indus Valley  Harappa - Ganges Holy river of Hinduism North India - Brahmaputra Northeast India - Monsoon Season Rain starts in the Bay of Bengal and travels North Similar to the rain pattern in South Florida Cyclone (similar to a hurricane) Storm surge results because of V shape at the bottom of India  Bangladesh experiences it the worst! Political History- 0-100 AD Indians unified it- 670 AD Arab Muslims invaded and unified under Islam- 1200’s Invaded through the Khyber Pass by Alexander the Great and the Mongols- 1700’s British colonize Many revolts occur during this time; terrible 1857 revolt- 1940’s Gandhi unifies the Indians peacefully! Father of modern India Father of peace resistance- 1947 India becomes a country! Muslims upset with democracy and get the British to make Pakistan (Muslim nation) Muslims move from India to Pakistan, Hindus from Pakistan to India—this is the largest world migration on record Hindus and Muslims have tremendous animosity towards each other  There was East and West Pakistan, now Pakistan and BangladeshKashmir:- Three-way right between India, China, and Pakistan (Muslims)- First war between Pakistan and India occurred here; since 1948 four wars have occurred here!Pakistan:GEA1000 TEST 3- High population with high birth rates- Well developed in many areas- Khyber Pass located here- Lahore: 12,00 million people Old city, thousands of years old Traditional  #2 biggest city in Pakistan- Karachi: 15,000 million people  Most migrants from India are here #1 city; banking, seaport—gateway city- Islamabad: Capital of Pakistan- Peshwar: Northwest, tribal Don’t respect central government  Khyber Pass entry way India:- Has nuclear weapons- BRIC - Amazing public education system- Focused on math and science- New Delhi: Capital city Ancient city,