Compare and contrast the Sub-Saharan region with the North African/Middle Eastregion. Students will demonstrate the ability to: - Define regions by their physical or human geography or a combination of the two. - Highlight the major differences between regions: this is comparison. - Highlight the extent of the major differences: this is contrast. - Compose an engaging and articulate essay using clear, coherent prose that utilizes the conventions of standard American English, makes use of relevant examples, and illustrations. The grade will be based on the following criteria: Criteria Evaluation: Define regions under investigation, how are they delineated physical or human geography criteria or combination of both. 20% Systematic comparisons: what are the main differences between the regions? 30% Systematic contrasts: what are magnitudes of the differences between the regions? 30% Use of relevant and topical empirical examples when investigating comparisons and contrasts. 10% Essay structure, grammar, spelling, illustrations, and appropriate references. 10%Compare and contrast the Sub-Saharan region with the North African/Middle Eastregion. Sub Saharan:- Where:o he area of the continent ofAfricathat lies south of theSahara. According to theUnited Nations, it consists of allAfrican countries and territoriesthat are fully or partially south of the Sahara.[3]While theUnited Nations geoscheme for Africaexcludes Sudan from its definition of sub-Saharan Africa,the African Union's definitionincludes Sudan but instead excludesMauritania.o The states ofSomalia,Djibouti,Comoros, and theArab-majorityMauritania(and sometimesSudan) are, however, geographically considered part of sub-Saharan Africa, although they are members of the Arab League as well.[4]- Climate: o Sub-Saharan Africa has a wide variety ofclimate zonesorbiomes.South Africaand theDemocratic Republic of the Congoin particular are consideredMegadiverse countries. It has a dry winter season and a wet summer season.o TheSahelextends across all of Africa at a latitude of about 10° to 15° N. Countries that include parts of the Sahara Desert proper in their northern territories and parts ofthe Sahel in their southern region includeMauritania,Mali,Niger,ChadandSudan. The Sahel has ahot semi-arid climate.o South of the Sahel, a belt ofsavanna(theWestandEast Sudanian savannas) stretch from the Atlantic Ocean to theEthiopian Highlands. The more humidGuineanandNorthern Congolian forest-savanna mosaiclie between the savannas and the equatorial forests.o TheHorn of Africaincludeshot desert climatealong the coast but ahot semi-arid climatecan be found much more in the interior, contrasting with savanna andmoist broadleaf forestsin theEthiopian Highlands.o Tropical Africa encompassestropical rainforeststretching along the southern coast of West Africa and across most of Central Africa (theCongo) west of theAfrican Great Lakes.o In eastern Africa, woodlands, savannas, and grasslands are found in the equatorial zone, including theSerengetiecosystem in Tanzania and Kenya.o DistinctiveAfromontaneforests, grasslands, and shrublands are found in the high mountains and mountain ranges of eastern Africa, from the Ethiopian Highlands to South Africa.o South of the equatorial forests, theWesternandSouthern Congolian forest-savanna mosaicare transition zones between the tropical forests and themiombo woodlandbelt that spans the continent fromAngolatoMozambiqueandTanzania.o TheNamibandKalahari Desertslie in south-western Africa, and are surrounded by semi-deserts including theKaroowestern South Africa. TheBushveldgrasslands lie to the east of the deserts.o TheCape Floristic Regionis at Africa's southern tip, and is home to diverse subtropical and temperate forests, woodlands, grasslands, and shrublands.-- Population:o According to the 2019 revision of the World Population Prospects[75][76], the population of sub-Saharan Africa was 1.1 billion in 2019. The current growth rate is 2.3%o Why they are they there?o Languages/ ethnic: Afroasiatic With the exception of the extinct Sumerian (a language isolate) of Mesopotamia, Afroasiatic has the oldest documented history of any language family in the world. Egyptian was recorded as early as 3200 BCE. The Semitic branch was recorded as early as 2900 BCE in the form of the Akkadian language of Mesopotamia (Assyria and Babylonia) and circa 2500 BCE in the form of the Eblaite language of north eastern Syria.[86] The distribution of the Afroasiatic languages within Africa is principally concentrated in North Africa and the Horn of Africa. Languages belonging to the family's Berber branch are mainly spoken in the north, with its speech area extending into the Sahel (northern Mauritania, northern Mali, northern Niger).[87][88] The Cushitic branch of Afroasiatic is centered in the Horn, and is also spoken in the Nile Valley and parts of the African Great Lakes region. Additionally, the Semitic branch of the family, in the form of Arabic, is widely spoken in the parts of Africa that are within the Arab world. South Semitic languages are also spoken in parts of the Horn of Africa (Ethiopia, Eritrea). The Chadic branch is distributed in Central and West Africa.[89] Hausa, its most widely spoken language, serves as a lingua franca in West Africa (Niger, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Cameroon, and Chad).[90] Khoisan The several families lumped under the term Khoi-San include languages indigenous to Southern Africa and Tanzania, though some, such as the Khoi languages, appear to have moved to their current locations not long before the Bantu expansion.[91] In Southern Africa, their speakers are the Khoikhoi and San (Bushmen), in Southeast Africa, the Sandawe and Hadza. Niger–Congo The Niger–Congo family is the largest in the world in terms of the number of languages (1,436) it contains.[92] The vast majority of languages of this family are tonal such as Yoruba, and Igbo, However, others such as Fulani, Wolof and Kiswahili are not. A major branch of the Niger–Congo languages is Bantu, which covers a greater geographic area than the rest of the family. Bantu speakers represent the majority of inhabitants in southern, central and southeastern