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HFT1000 Midterm Study GuideInternational TourismTerms and definitions- Trave l—a movement of people between relatively distant geographical locations for any purpose and any duration, with or without any means of transport- Trip —Person-trip defined as one person on a trip away from home (county of residence) to places 50 miles or more (one-way) on a day or overnight in paid accommodations- World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) defines tourism as o The activities of persons traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environmento Not more than one consecutive yearo For leisure, business and other purposes - In general, tourism includes:o The activity or practice of touring o The business or industry of providing information, accommodations, transportation, and other services to tourists.- Not all forms of travel are tourismCategories of tourism- Length of stayo Day visitor —Visitor who does not spend the night in the place visitedo Overnight visitor —spends at least one night in the area- Reason for travel- Activities/interests- Recreational/sports tourism- Relaxation tourism- Educational, sight-seeing tourism- Adventure tourism- Visiting relatives/friends tourism- Wellness tourism- Nature based tourismTerritorial definitions- Inbound tourism o Tourism of non-resident visitors within the economic territory of the country of reference. - Outbound tourism o Tourism of resident visitors outside the economic territory of the country of reference. - Domestic tourism o Tourism of resident visitors within the economic territory of the country of reference. - International tourismo Visitor movement or travel across sovereign national borders.Tourism as a Service Industry Sector- Dependency on human resources- High employee turnover rate- Product fluctuation in qualityTourism Chain- Complex system of activities and services1. Trip preparation (Anticipation)2. Journey from home (Travel To)3. Stay and Activities (On-Site Experience)4. Journey home (Travel From)5. Recollections (Memories)- Described as:o Interconnectingo Different phaseso Different activitieso Different playersOther facts and definitions- 1 of every 9 Americans is employed either directly or indirectly because of people traveling to and within the United States- Represents the largest industry in the world, When international and domestic tourism are taken together- Tourism generates:o $6 trillion sales worldwideo 9.31% of global GDPo 258 million jobso Industry investment estimated at US $652 billion- Tourism is so big because it comprises the activities supporting travel outside their usual environmento Transportationo Accommodationso Food serviceo Shoppingo Travel arrangemento Activities for tourists, such aso History, culture, adventure, sports, recreation, entertainment, and many others- World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who:o "travel to and stay in places outside their usual environment for more than twenty-four (24) hours” o “(for) not more than one consecutive year” o “for leisure, business and other purposes not related to the exercise ofan activity remunerated from within the place visited.”- Common components of tourism definitionso Voluntary movemento Beyond the traveler’s every day surroundingso Some form of experiential growtho Returning back home within a year- Categories of tourismo Accommodationo Aviationo Destinationso Online Travel Intermediarieso Recreationalo Tour Operator- Five components with tourists in the center:o Arrangementso Facilities and serviceo Transportationo Communication - International tourism —visitor movement or travel across sovereign national borderso Over 800 million international tourist arrivals were recorded per year(WTO)o It is the world’s largest export earner and an important factor in the balance of payments for most nationso The fastest growing economic sector in terms of foreign exchange earnings and job creation- International tourism opportunitieso Intercultural awareness and personal friendships to improve international understanding and contribute to peace among all nations.o Poverty elimination in developing countries Tourism jobs and business in developing countries create economic opportunitieso It is an attractive form of economic development Ho It creates a wide variety of jobso It brings money into a community or countryo It can create a greater cultural understandingo Market share of international tourism: Europe(50%)Americas(20%)AsiaMiddle EastAfrica(5%)- United Nations agency—Responsible for promotion and development of tourism worldwide and extensive data and industry forecast- World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC)o Forum for global business leaderso Focus is to raise awareness of the full economic impact of travel and tourism worldwideo Private-sector focused- International Air Transport Association (IATA)o Trade association for largest airlineso Collaboration on standards of operation, marketing and cost control- Cruise Lines International Association (CLIA)o Cruise Lines International Association is the world's largest cruise associationo CLIA is composed of 26 of the major cruise lines serving North America.- International Association of Amusement Parks and Association (IAAPA)o The largest international trade association for permanently situated amusement facilities worldwide Founded in 1918 Represents over 4,000 facility, supplier, and individual members from more than 93 countries- International Tourismo America’s leading service sector exporto 2010: 60 million international visitors in the U.S.o Spent more than $134 billiono A 12% increase from 2009o The nation’s only balance of trade surpluses o $32 billion in 2010, US Commerce Department- Top 10 Countries in 2010 US Commerce reports: o Seven of the top 10 countries for U.S. overseas visitation posted new records:  France Brazil South Korea  Australia Italy People’s Republic of China Indiao These markets led to a record 26 million combined overseas visitors- Governments recognize Travel & Tourism as a top priority- Top origin markets for international travelers to the U.S. are Canada, Mexico and UK- International tourism challengeso Language : barriers may reduce full absorption of experience for travelerso Culture : Important to know the “dos and taboos” of the receiving countryo Exchange Rateo Currency : Less of a challenge with use of credit cardso Travel Cost :


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FSU HFT 1000 - Midterm Study Guide

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