Study Guide for HFT 1000 Exam 1Module 1- What is the definition and difference between the terms travel and trip?o Travel : movement of people between relatively distant geographical locations for any purpose and any duration, with or w/o means of transportationo Trip : being away from home places 50 miles or more (one-way) on a day or overnight in paid accommodations - Know the terminology associated with Tourism, being careful to understand the terms ‘territory’and associated economic impact informationo Tourism : The activities of persons traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment. Not for more than one consecutive year. For leisure, business, etc. Length of stay- Day visitor : visitor does not spend night in place visited- Overnight visitor : spends at least one night in area Territorial- Inbound tourism : tourism of non-residence visitors within economic territory of the country of reference- Outbound tourism: tourism of resident visitors outside the economic territory of the country of reference- Domestic tourism : tourism of resident visitors within the economic territory of the country of reference- International tourism: visitor movement or travel across sovereign national borders. - What is the ‘Tourism Chain’ and the activities therein?o Trip prep (anticipation) (20%)o Journey from home (travel to) (20%)o Stay and activities (on-site experience)(20%)o Journey home (travel from)(20%)o Recollections (memories)(20%)- Understand the accommodation tax and why it is importanto Tax collected from travelers Local and county tax- Flight ticket- Hotel guest folio- Rental car receipt Money from visitor -> hotel -> county tax collector -> state dept. of revenue -> county administrator- The Tourism Industry, as described on slides 24-26 should be memorized1o Tourism Industry generates $6 Million sales worldwide 9.31% of global GDP 258 million jobs Industry investment estimated at $652 billiono Future economic growth $1.5 trillion forecasted by 2021 4.2% sales growth every year in the next 10 years- 65 million new jobs - 1 in 10 jobs related to tourism industry o Comprises activities supporting travel outside their usual environment Transportation, accommodation, food, shopping Activities for tourists- History, culture, adventure, recreation Module 2- What points are made on the slide U.S. Travel and Tourism Industry Impact in 2010?o Travel is among top 10 industries in 48 states & D.C. in terms of employmento 7.4 million jobs directly generated by travel expenditureso $186.3 billion in wages shared by American workers employed by travelo 2.7% of GDP from travel and tourismo 99.5% of travel industry firms with < 500 employeeso 1.9 billion person trips that Americans took for business and leisure- What is a ‘person-trip’?o One person on a trip away from home overnight in paid accommodationso One person on a day or overnight trip to a place 50 miles or more (one-way) away from home - What is the definition of Leisure Travel?o Objective is to spend money, not make moneyo Mostly for pleasure - In the bar chart titled Leisure travel behavior…more spending & strong drive market, know all of the opinions differences thereof based on amount of travel over the years Oct. 2008 through Oct. 2010o Driving rather than flying 08-09 ^ 5%, 09-10 ^7%o Staying more nights 08-09 ^ 30%, 09-10, ^ >2%o Driving longer distances 08-09 ^ 20%, 09-10 ^10%o Spending more on food/entertainment 08-09 ^15%, 09-10 ^5%o Spending more overall 08-09 ^15%, 09-10 ^ >2%o More expensive hotels 08-09 ^10%, 09-10 ^5%o Bc of financial crisis 2- Know the slide ‘Yet, Good News: Travel spending on the rebound’o Travel increased each year from 2009-2012o 2006-2008 all increased yearlyo 2008-2009 only drop Module 3- What are the different areas of Tourism and what are the different areas of Lodging as describedon the slide ‘Lodging is Part of the Tourism Industry’o Hospitality Lodging - Destination resorts- Full-service hotels - Limited service hotels- Sleeping rooms F & B Operationso Retail storeso Transportation serviceso Destination sites- Know the details on the slides depicting the ‘2011 Lodging Industry Profile’ (several slides); no need to memorize all slides, simply understand the overall state of the industryo 51,214 properties (15 + rooms)o 60% avg occupancy rateo $101.70 avg room rateo $137.5 billion in saleso 21% of all US lodging room nights were from international visitors 22.1 million overseas travelers 10.6 million Canadians stayed in a US hotel or motel - avg 8.8 nightso 40% business travel mostly male adultso 60% leisure travel - Know the slides titled ‘Close Look at Lodging Organizations: Hotel Organizational Structures’o Small hotel (75 rooms), limited service Manager - Executive housekeeper and staff- Front office manager and staff- Maintenance chief and staff Bookkeeper/accountant o Large hotel (350 rooms), full service Administrative assistant Assistant to the GM3 GM- Controller- F&B director- HR manager - Sales & marketing Director- Front office manager- Executive housekeeper- Chief engineero Line department Chain of command Responsible for revenues- Front office, F&B Responsible for property operations- Housekeeping, maintenance o Staff department Technical support Making recommendations (not decisions)- Purchasing, HR, accountingo Revenue Center Hotel department that generates revenue- Front office, F&B- Revenues from telephone services, parking, vending machines, golf courses o Cost center Hotel department that incurs costs in support of a revenue center- Marketing, maintenance, accounting, HR, security departments - Be able to calculate Key Operating Ratios such as Revpar, Number of guests per occupied room, etc.o Occupancy percentage Rooms sold / total rooms available o Average rate Dollar sales / # of rooms soldo Revpar – Revenue per available room Rooms revenue / available rooms Paid occupancy % * Average daily rateo # Of guests per occupied room # Of guests / # of occupied roomso Average rooms cleaned per room attendant per day # Of rooms occupied / # of 8 hour shifts - Be familiar with Management Issueso Labor shortage4 Managers should reduce turnover levels, increase productivityo Cost containment Hoteliers should reduce cost not quality o Increased competition b/c of overbuilt hotel community o
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