Review: Exam 5 Ch. 25: Sports & Entertainment Centers:• Where was 1st Olympics held? • Greece (only around 2 games were played and 1 race)– Event population has moved to downtown districts. Providing expansive parking spaces, centralized transportation, large sports venues such as stadiums & arenas, & a steady growth ofevents. However population is leaks out to the suburbs•Some events that are too far? Miami stadium, different populations of interest. • Who developed festival market places? James W. Rouse in 1980’s - Rouse successfully integrated downtown with: ‘•Cultural districts & Convention facilities w/ entertainment facilities.• Faneuil Hall was Rouses earliest effort at a Festival Marketplace ( in Boston, contains entertainment, and a small mall operation) still operating & attracting around 20 million visitors annually• Biggest Urban Entertainment District today?• Disney worldUrban Entertainment Center- Collaboration between Disney & New York City = Times Square(UEC serve primarily tourists but as well as local residents)• What is Dark days?• It is the time between events in the venue, the period where no events are taking place,people are without jobs & no revenue is being made for the venue.• Largest Venue Management Services:• ARMARK, SMG management services.Ch. 26: Attractions Management: Places, activities, & experiences sought out by leisure travelers. Attractions are a vital part of the need satisfaction that fuels the desire to travel.There are 3 needs people desire:1. Belongingness- (Family vacation)2. Physiological- (Rest and recuperating)3. Self-actualizing- (Visiting Cultural & Historical Sites) <–– Lanford spent the most time on of the 3Andersonville- Prison war camp- artifacts, have all of the letters prisoners were writing to their family, and letters families wrote back. This is an ideal situation of a self-actualization vacation•Economic benefit to the region in which the attractions are located. (A traveler does not only spend money for the theme park admission•Consider the other traveling expenses–• Lodging, • Food & beverages• Souvenirs• Rental cars/other transportation •Ancillary activities (parking garage fees)•activities (ATVing) etc.- These economic gains provide employment for local residents Classification of Attractions:Primary Attractions: The main reason a visitor travels to the destination & spends several days (Disney World)Secondary Attractions: Lesser importance to the traveler & might be considered simply something nice to do while on the way to or in the area of the primary attraction (EX- Disney World is a travelers Primary attraction, but there a ton of secondary attractions surrounding Disney such as Gatorland, Wonder-Works or putt-putt golf)Natural Attractions: (Permanent): • Mountains• Lakes• CoastlinesEx: Grand CanyonMan-made Attractions: Existence is for the pure enjoyment of humans• Festivals • Casinos• Theme ParksTemporary Attractions: Short lived/ easily relocated • Concerts• Trade shows • Parades • Sporting events (such as super bowl)• Festivals •The first National Park: Yellow stone• What cultural events are most attended? Performing arts events and/or museums – Infrastructure is vital to an attraction, for an attraction to be successful: • Transportation Services: Roads, airports, shuttles & other transportation facilities surrounding attraction• Municipal Services: Water, police, fire protection, medical, power & communication resources• Hospitality services: Lodging, food & beverage Understanding the needs of the travelers and being warm and friendly towards visitors while truly caring about them is vital in the success. Ecological activities are a large concern due to the heightened awareness of the effects of tourism on the natural environment. Efforts to control have been implemented by federal and state gov’ts. However, this heightened awareness has created environmentally friendly opportunities (such as whale watching excursions) Ch. 27: Travel Management Companies & Tour Operators:Travel Management Companies (TMC): • Electronic Travel agencies • Tour operators •Electronic Travel agencies (Travelocity) are the Connected to the internet entirely, open 24/7, no physical location for clients to go but they have extensive databases, & only booking technology. • Tour Operators: Organize complete travel program for a group or individuals. They plan, arrange & market pre-established packages at set prices.• TMC’s still play a role in the travel industry representing 70% of U.S travel market sales • Commission is how TMC’s get paid based on a % of the sale price. Power of buying?Commission is usually 10%, usually does not go under 8.Bucket shop consolidators- Buy large blocks of tickets, once u buy large blocks u get cheaper rates•The First hotel to get on the internet: Hilton Hotel•Delta now has a lower priced “internet only” fares. What is a Receptive Operator? May meet & greet groups at airports, make arrangements for lodging, & shuttle them to the lodging at a particular destination. Receptive operators offer foreign language interpreters, sightseeing tours, or step-on guides.• Ex: Number one name in professional baseball- Alue 10 years ago, today most baseball players are hispanic (this is where interpreters (receptive operators) are
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