Killing Us Softly we watch 3000 ads every day will spend 2 years of life watching just ads Sexual Objectification representing or treating a person like a sex object one that serves another s sexual pleasure Media is increasingly sexualized Many women are objectified or treated as objects A woman s body or body part is separated from the woman as a person It is then used as an object for male sexual desire Silencing girls mouths are covered and they look quiet and passive What they have to say doesn t matter Hooking Up What is the point Does it mean sex Certain types of activity outside the context of a relationship Dating replaced by hooking up as the main campus script Sexual contact first relationship second o This is the main way of initiating relationships No students defined it differently freshman students in 2008 o 39 5 vaginal intercourse o 32 1 kiss touch o 15 1 hand to genital o 11 7 oral sex What is a hookup Physical encounter without expectations between two people who aren t dating or in a serious relationship No relationship do not expect anything further Mostly happens after alcohol is consumed Double standards Men studs Female sluts Are men exaggerating experiences Yes Men 6 1 median lifetime sexual partners women 3 6 More men also say they hookup in college Men are lying exaggerating and women are probably lying too underestimating Is the date dead dating when couples are already bf gf date much more rare ongoing trend for the last couple of decades What conditions led to hookup system Large number of people in college High percentage of women Postponement of marriage men 29 women 27 Women s movement o Women are more sexually open Contraception o Less consequences Lisa Wade Sociologist Most don t do it Average for graduating senior 4 7 hookups 25 of students will never hook up 91 characterize campus by a hookup culture 80 of students hookup less than once a semester on average o Most people are doing it less than we think Sexual activity hasn t increased in recent decades Satisfied No 1 Empowerment 2 Pleasure 3 Meaningful experience Felt by both sexes but felt more intensely by women women were felt like sex toys less satisfied by the pleasure o Women often deprioritize their own pleasure No alternative Most feel hookup culture impedes sex and relationships o 11 enjoy o 38 opted out o 50 do so reluctantly o 1 committed relationship Positives Learn a lot about themselves Clarify values embrace sexuality Less distracting Emotionally safer After college Online Dating Driven by women a romantic strategy Elizabeth Armstrong Women work to avoid relationships to keep time with friends or studying Men continue to hold most of the power as they did in the dating era o Men prefer hooking up o Women prefer dating o Women exploited Elaine esbaugh 2010 Past research abandonment of hookup script but will this continue Formal dating begins Many people are opting out of getting married decrease since 2008 A lot of profiles include white lies exaggerations 1 in 5 couples meet online Stigma More popular today in America Tinder 40 million Americans say they have used a dating site 40 of single population o Fastest growing free dating app in the USA o Sean Rad founder 3 5 million matches per day o Mostly based on physical appeal What is a family Social group that live together in common place 2 or more people They form an economic unit 1 People live together with commitment 2 Care for any children 3 Share emotional ties Vary across cultures or change over time There are similarities that remain Functions of a family functionalist paradigm Regulating sexual behavior regulating who you have sexual intercourse with incest is taboo Reproduction change Socialization values beliefs language Social placement based on parents social class how your life chances will Economic security food shelter basic necessities Emotional support love care friends may come or go but family will always be there Types 1 Extended family several generations of blood relatives sharing one household parents and children as well as other kin who share resources 2 Nuclear one or two parents and their children preferred model only 1 3 of the nation fits this model Marriage Reasons for getting married Do you want to marry Emotional support commitment companionship it s the norm Among those who have never been married both men and women o 61 yes o 12 no o 27 not sure o 29 of people who had been divorced want to remarry Endogamy marrying within one s social category same social class same racial or ethnic background same religion usually around same age Exogamy marrying outside one s social category may or may not be noticed Monogamy unites two partners o Serial getting in serious relationship getting married getting divorced and getting into another monogamous relationship and marriage Polygamy unites a person with two or more spouses common in Africa Saudi Arabia Romantic Love o Polygyny one man with two or more women o Polyandry one women with two or more men practiced by less than 1 of world society found in Tanzania because of the shortage of women Affection and sexual passion toward another person United states nation of lovers o We are in love with being in love o Romantic love motivates people to go out get married and be in love o Romantic love is less stable foundation for marriage and may be cause of higher divorce rates Serial monogamy can have several relationships one at a time Divorce Legal process of dissolving a marriage 43 46 of marriages end in divorce Rose during the 20th century peaking in the 1980 s On the decline now Causes Feminist movement o o o Romantic love fades Individualism more concerned with own happiness o Women less dependent on men women s increase in labor force less dependent on husband you can support yourself financially o Marriage is stressful women and men are both working o Socially acceptable to get a divorce doesn t necessarily have social stigma o Easier to attain no fault divorce In the past you had to prove that one or both partners are abusive or committing adultery now you can just state irreconcilable differences and it s done Infidelity Men in relationships admitting adultery 57 women 54 56 of men and 34 of women who had affairs claimed happy or very happy in marriages o Helen Fisher Why Women emotional reasons men sexual motivations Singlehood People choosing to live alone Increasing in US 43 of residents over 18 are single 93 still end up getting married Median