Psychology 9 27 Social Cognitive Development 18 04 2012 17 06 00 Social Development Oxytocin chemical in brain helps with formation of attachments relationships the love molecule the trust hormone The caregiver infant relationship provides the basis for infants feeling of security and self understanding in relation to others Attachment persists From parents to peers o Our close friends become our attachment figures From peers to romantic partner o Our partners become attachment figures o We rely on them for comfort in times of needs guidance support Attachment in adults Secure o Easy to get close to others no worrying about abandonment o Happy friendly trusting relationships o More satisfied committed intimate o More responsive to partners needs Avoidant o Uncomfortable getting close fear of intimacy o More likely to have brief sexual encounters o More likely to fantasize about others during sex o Emotionally and physically distant o Use work sports etc to maintain space Anxious Ambivalent o Seek intimacy but worry that others won t reciprocate or stay o Obsession jealousy love at first sight o Emotional ups and downs o On again off again o Preoccupied w own problems Cognitive Development Jean Piaget 1896 1980 Believed that the driving force behind intellectual development is our biological development AND experiences with environment Schemas Schemes o Knowledge structures that guide the child how to act on the world Slides are for sliding so why don t I slide down this Earliest schemas are inborn reflexes sucking crying little slide grasping Adaptation processes o Assimilation trying to incorporate new things into existing schemes 1 child learned schema for cow from picture books 2 Sees moose thinks its cow trying to assimilate o Accommodation realize new scheme Stages of Cognitive Developent o Sensorimotor period 0 2yrs Explore world through movement and senses 6months children do not grasp object permanence objects that are out of sign are also out of mind Rouge Test red dot on the nose then look in mirror will they try to rub the blemish off Beings at 18 months o Preoperational period 2 7yrs Eventual understanding of the laws of conservation Conservation of liquid Pour liquid of equal amounts into two cups Would take the same amount of liquid and put it in a taller skinnier glass kids think there s more but they don t know why Conservation of Solid Clay Equal parts of clay One piece is rolled into a snake shape and they think the skinny one has more Conservation of Number 2 lines of 5 candies same amount spread out one of the lines and that one has more candies Egocentrism You see what I see you think what I think your perspective is mine A shift from egocentric thinking to a realization that others have their own thoughts minds theory of mind 3 Mountains Task noticing perspective of scenes from different places in that scene the child will always think each perspective is their own Age 4 children develop the ability to understand another s mental state when they begin to form a theory of mind o Concrete operations period 7 11yrs o Formal operations period 11yrs Autism Eye contact at specific moments is what is lacking in most cases Imitation relating to another person to be like you Don t have that o Early intervention instructor mimics child s actions hoping the child will draw conclusions that the instructor is like them impulse ASD Describes a range of pervasive neurodevelopmental disorders 1 Qualitative impairment in social interaction o Socially avoidant indifferent and awkward 2 Qualitative impairments in communication 3 Restricted repetitive and stereotyped patterns of behavior interests and activities Prevalence 1 per 100 150 births Sex linked yes 4 1 male female Not curable treatment options Pre operational kindness in terms of absolute behavior he gave me a cookie so he is kind but now can think of kindness as a more complex phenomena Concrete thinking makes possible many academic cognitive abilities and also higher levels of adaptation to social situations Formal Operational Stage Around age 12 our resoning ability expands from concrete thinking Can now use symbols and imagined realities to systematically to abstract thinking reason Think hypothetically and start forming scientific and ideological problem solving skills Solving problems systematically o Pendulum task Heavy short string light short string heavy long string light long string How will they swing on a pendulum Adolescents can judge good from evil truth and justice and think about things in deeper terms 18 04 2012 17 06 00 18 04 2012 17 06 00
View Full Document
Unlocking...