CFS 388 3-21-2013 Contraceptive Methods - Through the centuries, women and men have been searching for the ultimatecontraceptive. Something that is effective and that you will use reliably and consistently. There isn’t one best one, but the best one is effective and used by you reliable, accurately and consistently- Why are there different percentages put with different birth controls, the percentage is always going to be somewhat higher than actual user effectiveness. The theoretical is the effectiveness under perfect conditions in the laboratory, in a sterile setting. Actual user effectiveness is always lower with human error included like the condom breaks or you forget to take yourbirth control.Know- What is it?, how does it work?, how do you use it?- When thinking about the method thing how will it work, will it be convenient, does it offer protection against STDs and pregnancy, where can I find it, how much will it cost.- Barrier methodo Prevents sperm from reaching eggo Might prevent STDso Made out of latex Male Condom- Made out of latex or polyurethane- Lubricated or non lubricated- Textures, flavors, colors- Keep in a cool dry place- Don’t keep them in a car- Check the expiration date- 88-89% effective with typical use- Air pocket inside, if not it has been tampered with- Needs to be hardo Advantages- High safe and fairly expensive- May help protect against STDs- May help intercourse last longero Disadvantages- Can be messy, can break- Requires a water-based lubricant- Can be allergic Female Condom- A soft polyurethane tube with 2 rings, fits inside the vagina and covers part of the outer lips.- 85% effective- Use the index finger to insert, can be difficult, very lubricated, the outer ring should be on the outside.- Can insert it 8 hours before if you wanto Advantages- Effective and safe, helps protect against STDs, lubricatedo Disadvantages- Can be messy, can break, can be allergic to material, cannot be used with a male condom Spermicides- A chemical designed to kill sperm- More effective with the condom- There are vaginal ones that is encapsulated and you insert the capsule- 10 minutes before sexual intercourse- Only lasts for about an hour - Inexpensive safe and effective- Doesn’t protect against STDs- You have to reapply with each sex act- May be a waiting period required- May cause vaginal irritation Dental damn- Made for oral sex- Used so there is no transmission with body fluids- Thin latex polyurethane sheet used for oral sex- Can help reduce the risk contracting an STD- Cannot be used for intercourse, can only be used once, cannot use same dam for vaginal and anal contact.- Hormonal Method/ Prescriptiono Only can be used by a womeno No protection against STDso Must be prescribedo Important to know medical historyo Can be expensiveo May have side effectso NO protection against STDso Can be used for reasons other than preventing pregnancyo Can be convenient Diaphragm- Shallow rubber cup that fits inside the vagina- Must be used with spermicide- Once placed inside the vagina it forms a barrier between the sperm and the egg, the spermicide immobilizes and kills the sperm- 82% effective with typical use- Insert basically the same way you would insert a female condom- Can be washed and used again, fairly inexpensive, effective and safe- Does need to be fitted and prescribed- Must be put in before sex and leave in 10 minutes before- You must leave it six hours after intercourse so the spermicide can work and some of the seminal fluid can drain out- No protection against STDs and HIV Cervical Cap- Similar to diaphragm Contraceptive sponge- You need water- The spermicide is inside of it- Inserted like a diaphragm- Can leave it in for 30 hours Oral Contraceptives (Birthday Control)- A daily pill that is taken in a 4-week cycle- Manufactured hormones similar to the estrogen and progesterone produced by a woman’s ovaries.- Prevents the released of egg, makes cervical mucous thicker, and uterine lining thinner- 95% effective with typical use.- Taken at the same time every day- Will come on the last week- Convenient, effective, doesn’t interfere with sex- Regulates periods, decreases cramps, and usually makesperiods lighter- Needs to be prescribed- Not all women can take it- Should not be used by heavy smokers- No protection against STDs- Seasonique you get your period four times a year NuvaRing- A small plastic ring that fits in the vagina next to the cervix- It is worn for three weeks and contains estrogen and progesterone, much like the pill- 98-99% effective if used correctly- do not have to think about birth control every day- increased risk of developing vaginal infections Birth Control Patch- A small thin patch worn in a 4-week cycle- Works similar to brith control pills- Releases hormones through the skin into the bloodstream- It is 99% effective when used correctly- Needs to changed once a week and check it every single day to make sure it is still there- Change the location every single week- There can be some skin irritation- The fourth week women get their period then you start to use the patch again after- Stays on during normal activities- It is discreet- Must be prescruibed- Can cause skin irritation- No protection against STDs or HIV Depo-Provera- An artificial hormone given as a shot once every 3 months- Works similar to the birth control pill- 99.7% effective if shot is received on time- the issue is the shot is not received on time- very effective- only have to worry about birth control 4 times a year- can be used by some women who cannot use other hormonal methods (progesterone only)- must be prescribed/administered by a health care provider Implanon- the implant- Can last up to three years- Releases a small amount of a hormone into a body so sperm doesn’t enter easily and still use condoms because it doesn’t prevent STDs- Side effects, can irritate skin IUD- insert to cervix with applicator  Copper T 380A Progestasert  Emergency Contraception- A sequence of hormonal pills given to prevent pregnancy after unprotected intercourse- Prevents pregnancy by preventing ovulation, fertilization, and implantation- Reduces the risk of pregnancy by 75-95%- Doesn’t prevent a pregnancy that already happened- Do it as soon as possible, two pills, take the first as soon as you can- Can cause vomiting and nausea Sterilization (cutting the tubes)- Abstinenceo Choosing not to have sexual intercourseo An