CFS 388 4-11-2013Living with HIV/AIDS**8 questions on this lecture will be used in the final exam on HIV, AIDS, and STDs from the book and the red highlighted sentacnes in the notes.Questions you need to know about the STDs- Bacterial/ Viral- Transmission- Signs & Symptoms- Treatment- Effects Left UntreatedBasic Information About HIV/AIDS and STDs (with Steve Woods)Statistics- 1.7 million have been infected with HIV since 1981- 580,000 have died since 1981 (new cases brand new every year)- 1.1 million living today with HIV/AIDS- New York has the most cases in the U.S. (181,461)- Gay, Bi-sexual and MSM (men who’ve had sex with men for men who don’t identify with gay or bi-sexual) have the highest rates of infection (53% of HIV/AIDS cases)- Black/African Americans are highly impacted (45%-53% of HIV/AIDS cases)- Half of all new HIV infections happen to people under 25, young people are getting infected- 4 million people under 20 will get an STD- Women under 24 are at highest risk because everything is internal and OBJYN’s are mandated to tell them to go get tested.Young Women- Cervical Ectopy (development of the cervix)- Insertive sex- Risk taking behaviorHIV testing- Free in most places- Simple blood test or oral swab- Rapid HIV tests can deliver results in 5-20 minutes - Measure antibodies, it doesn’t look for the virus the3 test looks for antibodieswhich is what your body produces in response to an infection, the tests look for a very specific antibody, they cost .30 cents a piece.- The tests that search for the virus are 200-600 $- Window period is officially three months, in New York it is one month- STD testing is also free in most places, there are blood tests, swabs urine tests or observation. It matters what kind of test you are getting.HIV vs. AIDSHuman Immunodeficiency VirusAcquired Immune Deficiency SystemDefining AIDS- HIV is a virus that causes AIDS- To have AIDS you need to be HIV positive- AIDS is a clinical condition that requires:o A positive HIV antibody testso T cell count of 200/o (&/or)o Having one or more “AIDS Indicator Conditions” which are things that they call opportunistic infectionsWhat body fluids are capable of transmitting HIV?- Do transmito Bloodo Semen (cum)o Vaginal &/or cervix fluido Breast milko Fluids around body parts i.e. brain, joints- Do not transmito Salivao Tearso Sweato Urineo Feces (unless there is blood in it do not touch)- **HIV only lives for a couple of seconds outside of the body, (aka you cant really get it off of razors, the worry of razors is HEP b and c)STD Transmission- STD transmission is trickierFluids & Risks- SemenWhat is a Mucous Membrane- The inside of your mouth is one- Mouth- Eyes- Nose- Rectum- Urethra- Vagina- (Women have 6, men have 5)Abstinence- 100% effective- How do you define abstinence?o Matters with people, someone says having sex with the same sex, or not inserting anything…. These all can bring HIV and AIDS- How does that effect prevention?Male Condoms- Latex is the best- Poly for latex allergies- No Lambskin/natural it is skin and there are pores so HIV and AIDS can get through the pores- Never wear two condoms at once!- Throw used condom out carefullyFemale Condoms- Poly- can be used with water or oil based lubricantCondoms protect- Gonorrhea- Chlamydia- Hepatitis B- Hepatitis C (most blood to blood)- Trichomoniasis- HIVCondoms MIGHT protect - Herpes (if the outbreak is on the penis & covered by the condom)- Warts (if the warts are on the penis and covered by the condom)- Syphilis (if there is no open sore)- PID (condom use will decrease the exposure of STDsCondoms WONT protect- Herpes (outbreak on the groin area, inner thigh, buttocks, etc.)- Warts (warts on scrotum, thighs, groin area, etc.)- Hepatitis A (20,000 cases a year from poop in the mouth, cook not washing hands)- CrabsThese things wont protect you from STDS or HIV- Washing after sex- Douching, removes a beneficial layer of skin not good, can increase your risk for HIV- Peeing after sex - Drinking vinegar- Drinking bleach- Hope…Oral Sex- Is it safe?o Studies are hard to find- Oral Heath, you need to access it, the mode of transmission can happen through cuts on your mouth they will increase your risk for HIVo Flossingo Brushingo Foodo Dental HealthSTDS- Bacterialo Gonorrhea Easily treated from hard core antibiotics Men usually are in pain from their symptoms  You never have an immunityo Syphilis 3 stages- Primary-chancre but then it goes away- Latent- rash five months to years later on the palms of your hands and soles of your feet- Tertiary- long term effects, might not be infectious at this point, swollen joints- Treatment is very easy it is penicillin but if you go blind from syphilis then you wont get it back, you can also getinfertile- You never have an immunityo Chlamydia Easily treated from hard core antibiotics Most people don’t have symptoms You never have an immunity- Viralo Herpes Treatment- no cure Herpes simples 1 vs. herpes simplex 2 (the STD that generally will appear on someone’s genitals) 1 million new cases each year 45 million people are already infected Genital herpes are very large and noticeableo HPV Human papaloma virus Genital virus Many treatments but no cure High prevalence, 75%-95% of people have been exposed Easily spread Cervical cancer connection, penis and rectial cancer, and oral cancer because genital warts can transmit into peoples mouth even though it is not often In two categories, high and low risk Gardasil, series of three injections men and women can get them now regardless of age, it prevents six different strains of HPVo HIV- Parasitico Crabs  Louse Easy to get because all you need to do is rub up against someone who doesn’t have clothes on 3 million cases a year Easy to get rid of all you need is head lice shampoo which is flammable, wash your sheets and clothes They don’t jumpo TrichomoniasisPrevention- Be selective, find someone who is right to have sex with- Use protection- Be honest with your doctor- Talk to your friends and family about STDs- YOU are in a position to educate the