Cfs 388 1st EditionExam # 2 Study Guide Lectures: 7-13Lecture 7: Conception and ChildbirthWhat are some causes of infertility? How many people are infertile?Sperm issues, ovulatory failure, tubal damage, endometriosis, coital problems, and other issues can cause infertility. 20% of people are infertile.How long can an ovum survive? How long do sperm survive outside the body?An egg rarely survives longer than 24 hours. Sperm live approximately 24 hours but can live for up to 5 days.What are the chances of conception with a single unprotected act of intercourse?There is a 21% chance of conception.What symptoms occur at each trimester during pregnancy?During the first trimester, there is an absence of menstruation, food aversions, breast changes, mood swings, fatigue, and fear or elation regarding the child. The second trimester is characterized by definite fetal activity, lower abdominal aches, constipation, hearty appetite, backache, fewer mood swings, and anxiety. In the third trimester, women experience strong fetal activity, Braxton Hicks contractions (aka false labor), appetite changes, and fatigue and/or extra energy.Lecture 9: Sexual Orientation and IdentityWhat is the difference between sexual orientation and sexual identity?Sexual orientation regards who you are attracted to, while identity refers to who you see yourself to be.What is the difference between gender identity and assigned gender?Gender identity is the private internal sense of maleness or femaleness which is expressed through personality and behavior, while the assigned gender of a person is the gender given to you at birth based on external genitalia.What are transgender identities?Transgender people feel that their gender identity conflicts with their physical sex. Many transgender people will live as a member of the opposite sex or undergo sex reassignment surgery.Lecture 10: Sexual DysfunctionsWhat characteristics alleviate possible sexual dysfunctions?Emotional intimacy, feeling sexually capable, trusting your partner, being aroused, feeling physically and mentally alert, and being positive about the situation all make a good sexual relationship. If one or more trait is absent, it could be the cause of a sexual dysfunction. What are sexual dysfunctions?Seuxal dysfunctions are persistent and recurrent sexual issues that cause distress or interpersonal difficulty and are not the result of another medical or physical problem.What is the difference between a primary and a secondary dysfunction?A primary dysfunction has ALWAYS existed for the person and often has a physical cause; a secondary dysfunction arose at some point during life and most often has an emotional or relational cause.What is the difference between a situational and a global dysfunction?Situational conditions only arise in certain situations, while global conditions arise in every sexual situation.What are some sexual desire disorders?Hypoactive sexual desire (inhibition of sexual desire) and sexual aversion (phobia or irrational fear of sexual activity) are sexual desire disorders.What are some sexual arousal disorders?Some sexual arousal disorders are male erectile disorder and female sexual arousal disorder.What are some examples of orgasm disorders?Some examples of orgasm disorders are inhibited female orgasm, premature ejaculation, and ejaculatory incompetence.What are some examples of pain disorders?Dyspareunia (genital pain before, during or after sex) and vaginismus (painful vaginal muscular spasms during penetration) are pain disorders.Lecture 11: Sexually Transmitted DiseasesWhat is HIV/AIDS?Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome are sexually transmitted diseases that affect the immune system. AIDS develops in people who are HIV positive.How is HIV transmitted?HIV is transmitted by blood, semen, vaginal/cervical fluid, breast milk, and fluids around body parts.What types of STDs are there? Give examples of each.There are bacterial (syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia), viral (herpes, HPV), and parasitic (genital lice) STDs.How can STDs be prevented?Abstinence is 100% effective. Condoms also protect against most STDs.Lecture 12: Sexual ViolenceWhat is the most common type of rape? What are other types of rape?Acquaintance rape is most common. Other types include stranger rape, date rape, marital rape, gang rape, and statutory rape.How common is same-sex rape?Same-sex rape occurs less frequently than woman-man rape. Very few men report being raped, and men are more likely to be raped during childhood.What is sexual harassment and where does it occur?Sexual harassment involves the unwelcome sexual advances that persist after the recipient has indicated they are unwanted. It occurs often in the workplace, on college campuses and in schools.What is child sexual abuse?Child sexual abuse occurs in prepubescent children and must be committed by someone at least16 years old and at least 5 years older than the child.Lecture 13: PornographyWhat is erotica?Erotica is any literature or art with a sexual theme.What is pornography?Pornography is literature or art with a sexual theme that is designed to cause arousal or excitement.What is obscenity?Obscenity is a personal or social judgment that something is offensive. It is judged based on a local community standard and must appeal to prurient interests and lack serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value.Does pornography lead to violent or sexual crimes?Causal links have been drawn between sexual violence and exposure to pornography, but merely watching pornography is unlikely to cause sexually violent behaviors in most people.How does pornography affect relationships?Pornography can cause rifts between spouses by making one partner (often the wife) feel inadequate, hurt, betrayed, and