KIN 100 1st Edition Lecture 16 Ergonomics and low back pain ergonomics workplace health safety and efficiency Design furniture computers etc interactions between the workplace and people work environment lighting work schedule specific workplace issues industrial psychology mechanical engineering biomechanics ergonomic principles limit energy expenditure fidgeting from boredom etc limit noise exposure machinery hearing impairments human machine interface rest periods how long and what should they do Back pain in the US 2nd leading cause of disability 75 80 of people will experience LBP lower back pain at least once in life general spine anatomy humans have long spines Segments of the spine Cervical C1 C7 upper part of body Thoracic T1 T12 Lumbar L1 L5 lower body low back pain Sacral S1 S5 Lumbar spine cumulative trauma decrease shock absorption over time epidemiology age more susceptible with age load heavier load more stress on lower back rate of load change moving a heavy object quickly psychological anxiety stress depression obesity increase chances of LBP lots of research about surgery vs conservative treatment pt long term usually same short term surgery is slightly more effective higher risk LBP classification Acute LBP short term gone by 6 weeks max 85 95 of cases Chronic LBP long term 8 weeks joint torque moment Torque T force x distance F force load newtons d distance moment arm meters force joint distance change force decrease torque magnitude distance carrying load moving load away from body increases torque and force on LB more effective to hold load close to body LBP myths you can protect your back by strengthening torso muscles sit ups increase back health bend knees not back same exercise program works for everyone myth of core stability repeated sub failure leads to tissue fatigue back belts not helpful false sense of security people lift more than they should abnormal motor patterns bed rest vs exercise past bed rest until pain is gone now start light exercise asap Back injury prevention design tasks that facilitate variety avoid fully flexed spine keep external load close to trunk avoid lifting shortly after waking up maintain fitness provide rest breaks People with moderate activity are less likely to experience LBP than those with little or excessive activity
View Full Document
Unlocking...